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284 CHAPTER 6was ousted from its base Halboubouti by the MPA, after which a number oftheir fighters forcibly joined this movement. As for the FULA, it seems themovement was dissolved, after which part of its fighters rejoined the FPLA,while others joined the FIAA.The movement had begun as a united force, but by mid 1994 all unity waslost, contributing to the general feeling of insecurity among all the inhabitantsof the North, including the Kel Tamasheq. In the end, tewsit and temet – whoyou are and who your family is – remained more important than the ideal oftemust, the Kel Tamasheq nation.Ganda KoyNegotiations with the Malian state seemed to only involve the Kel Tamasheqand Arab communities, leaving other communities in the North with a generalfeeling of exclusion. The creation of the Région of Kidal after the TamanrassetAgreement was generally seen as a privilege granted to the Kel Adagh. The taxexemptions and special economic status for the North were generally interpretedas tax exemptions for the Kel Tamasheq and Bidân and as a specialeconomic programme in their favour, while the rebellion had caused most economicdisruption in the Niger Bend. The strong stress on the integration of rebelforces in the Malian Armed Forces and civil service, regardless of qualifications,was seen as excluding other societies of the North and favouring menwho had committed all sorts of crimes. Neither the Tamanrasset Agreement northe National Pact, nor any other agreement between the MFUA and theGovernment afterwards, met with approval from the other communities in theNorth. The MFUA and government hardly made any efforts to explain thecontents of the National Pact or any other agreement to the broader publiceither, and none of these had brought an end to fighting and banditry. On thecontrary, it had brought banditry and rebels inside the cities. The CommissionMonitoring the Cease Fire, the MFUA and the mixed patrols all had their seatsin Gao. In the eyes of its inhabitants, the former rebels behaved as victors andoccupying forces. On 13 May 1994, a group of armed Kel Tamasheq tried tosteal a car parked outside the main mosque in Gao when Friday prayer came toan end. They killed the driver and a bystander who tried to prevent the theft.When the outraged congregation leaving the mosque tried to apprehend theassailants, they fled but two were captured. Subsequently the congregationbrought the two victims of the theft in procession to Gao hospital, where theydelivered the two bodies, and then started to lynch the two apprehended thieves.However, the returned comrades of the thieves to be lynched surprised thelynching party as they opened fire and entered the hospital. Firing from inside