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EPILOGUE 331onally sent to the so-called useful part of the country. The lack of infrastructure inthe North is not coincidental but the result of studied and planned political directives.28A certain amount of support for the new mutinous upsurge (I feel greatreluctance to call these events a third rebellion) was expressed on the Internet.A certain Ayor 54, for example, created a series of logos and posters celebratingthe new movement, which he posted on his website. 29 However, the new violencedid not meet general approval, not even in Kidal itself, let alone outsidethe Adagh. On the Kidal website Kidal.info, former rebel leader Zeidane ag SidiAlamine posted a concise analysis of the reasons for this new upsurge.The situation is first of all a concentrate of social problems in the Adrar, notably:1. the problem of a ‘post-Intalla’ period and the survival of the tribal rule of theIfoghas sapped by internal struggles;2. the role and place of the former political and military leaders of the former MPAin the partition and democratic exercise of political power in the Adrar;3. the aftermath of the ARLA-MPA conflict of 1994 reinvigorating the fear ofvengeance by the ARLA on the MPA through the present military command inGao (held by an Imrad from Ménaka and of the ARLA ) and that in Ménaka(held by an Ifoghas from Kidal and the MPA);4. a wish for autonomy from the side of the Iforgoumoussen in Ti-n-Essako fromthe authoritarian power exercised by ADEMA-PASJ representative MohamedAg Intalla. Note that both Ibrahim Bahanga and Lieutenant Colonel Hassan Fagagaare from the Ti-n-Essako fraction;5. the real or perceived sentiment within the Ifoghas tribe to no longer be at thecentre of decisions in the Région of Kidal in the face of emerging democratic andcivic powers and countering powers;6. the birth of certain autonomous political forces (women, Imrads and Iklans)escaping the local traditional Ifoghas order;7. the poverty and economic vulnerability of the Région of Kidal;8. the controversial choices of the Malian state in the management and administrationof the Région of Kidal create and feed a syndrome of structural instability;9. the rivalling identities of Ifoghas – Imrads between the political parties in Maliand their members, especially in 1994, when the State supported the MPAagainst the ARLA.2829http://azawad-union.blogspot.com/2006/06/les-raisons-dune-rvolte.htmlhttp://members.lycos.co.uk/ayor54/tallywen.htm. This webiste in Arabic by an anonymousTamasheq webartist is among the most fascinating websites created by KelTamasheq. The artist in question has designed posters, postcards and stamps for anindependent Azawad Republic and other sharply political art.