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a diversity <strong>of</strong> personalities ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>edby natural selection.”Another example <strong>of</strong> the trade-<strong>of</strong>f theory<strong>of</strong> evolution is a species known asTr<strong>in</strong>idadian guppies. <strong>The</strong>se guppies developpersonalities—with astonish<strong>in</strong>gspeed, <strong>in</strong> evolutionary terms—to suitthe microclimates <strong>in</strong> which they live.<strong>The</strong>ir natural predators are pike. Butsome guppy neighborhoods, upstream<strong>of</strong> a waterfall for example, are pikefree.If you’re a guppy who grew up <strong>in</strong>such a charmed locale, then chancesare you have a bold and carefree personalitywell suited to la dolce vita. Incontrast, if your guppy family camefrom a “bad neighborhood” downstreamfrom the waterfall, where pikecruise the waterways menac<strong>in</strong>gly, thenyou probably have a much more circumspectstyle, just right for avoid<strong>in</strong>gthe bad guys.426/929

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