Jesus in the Talmud
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<strong>Jesus</strong>’ Punishment <strong>in</strong> Hell 87curse Israel as requested by Balak, <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>g of Moab, but <strong>in</strong>stead blessed<strong>the</strong>m. Never<strong>the</strong>less, Balaam is held responsible for <strong>in</strong>itially want<strong>in</strong>g tocarry out Balak’s request and to curse Israel. 20 Therefore, ironically, <strong>the</strong> authorof <strong>the</strong> Bavli narrative puts <strong>the</strong> verse orig<strong>in</strong>ally referr<strong>in</strong>g to Ammon andMoab <strong>in</strong>to Balaam’s mouth, turn<strong>in</strong>g it <strong>in</strong>to an advice aga<strong>in</strong>st Israel. So <strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong> end Balaam gets what he always wanted: to curse Israel. And f<strong>in</strong>ally <strong>Jesus</strong>or <strong>the</strong> s<strong>in</strong>ners of Israel, respectively: They are <strong>the</strong> only ones who actuallyadvise Onqelos to seek Israel’s welfare and not <strong>the</strong>ir harm, that is, <strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong> present context, to <strong>in</strong>deed jo<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>m. The stark warn<strong>in</strong>g “Whoevertouches <strong>the</strong>m is as though he touches <strong>the</strong> apple of his eye” is an allusion toZechariah 2:12, obviously <strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g “his eye” not as “his own eye” but as“His [God’s] eye.” Hence, <strong>Jesus</strong>/<strong>the</strong> s<strong>in</strong>ners of Israel come out on top ofthis “contest” between <strong>the</strong> wicked of <strong>the</strong> wicked—but still, <strong>the</strong>y are punished<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rworld for what <strong>the</strong>y did <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir lifetime.What is it <strong>the</strong>n that our arch-villa<strong>in</strong>s of Jewish history did, and how are<strong>the</strong>y punished (because, obviously, <strong>the</strong> punishment stands <strong>in</strong> direct relationshipto <strong>the</strong>ir crime committed aga<strong>in</strong>st Israel)? Titus’ case is <strong>the</strong> simplestof <strong>the</strong> three: He has burned <strong>the</strong> Temple to ashes and has fitt<strong>in</strong>gly decreedthat after his death he shall be burned and his ashes be scatteredover <strong>the</strong> seas. In an ironical enactment of his will, his punishment consistsof his body be<strong>in</strong>g reassembled and burnt and his ashes be<strong>in</strong>g scatteredover <strong>the</strong> seas over and over aga<strong>in</strong>—literally forever, as <strong>the</strong> Tosefta tells us.Balaam’s s<strong>in</strong>, of course, is his attempt to curse Israel (unfortunately, hecannot take <strong>the</strong> credit for <strong>the</strong> fact that <strong>the</strong> curse failed and was transformed<strong>in</strong>to a bless<strong>in</strong>g), but what about his punishment <strong>in</strong> boil<strong>in</strong>g semen?This can be <strong>in</strong>ferred from <strong>the</strong> biblical account of Israel attach<strong>in</strong>g itself to<strong>the</strong> Moabite god Baal-Peor, whose worship entailed, accord<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong>Bible, whor<strong>in</strong>g with Moabite women (Num. 25:1–3) and eat<strong>in</strong>g sacrificesoffered to <strong>the</strong> dead (Ps. 106:28). The former is regarded as <strong>in</strong>dulg<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>sexual orgies connected to <strong>the</strong> worship of Baal-Peor, and s<strong>in</strong>ce Balaamenticed Israel <strong>in</strong>to this sexual transgression (Num. 31:16), he is appropriatelypunished <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rworld by sitt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> boil<strong>in</strong>g semen.Now <strong>Jesus</strong>/<strong>the</strong> s<strong>in</strong>ners of Israel: We do not hear anyth<strong>in</strong>g about his/<strong>the</strong>ircrime and cannot, <strong>the</strong>refore, expla<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> punishment (which is bizarreenough) as a consequence of any particular crime. The <strong>Talmud</strong> editor,<strong>in</strong> his first comment on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Jesus</strong>/s<strong>in</strong>ners of Israel part of our narrative,