The Life of the Prophet Muhammad by Ibn Kathir - Volume 2 of 4

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246 THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD Al-Suddi stated, "Their killing of him occurred in the first night of Rajab, and the last night of Jumndn al-Akhira." I observe, that perhaps Jumadn was yet unfinished, and they believed the month would last through the 30th night. The new moon however, was seen that night. But God knows best. Al-'Awfi related it thus, from Ibn 'Abbs, that it occurred on the last night of Jumndn, which was also the first of Rajab, but they were not aware of this. This is also given above in the hadith of Jandab that was related by Ibn Abii Hntinl. In the account of Ibn Ishnq previously given it is stated that that was the last night of Rajah, and that they feared that if they did not take the booty and seize the opportunity the polytheists would go on into the holy territory and they would then be unable to proceed; they therefore acted in fuU knowledge of it. The account of d-Zuhri, from Wma, is similar. Al-Bayhaqi related it too. But God alone knows which version is correct. Al-Zuhri quoted Wrwa as saying, "We have been informed that the Messenger of God (SAAS) paid the blood-money for Ibn d-Hdrami and recognized the sacred nature of the holy month as he always had until God sent down his exemption." Al-Bayhaqi related this. Ibn Is&q stated, "Abn Bakr 'the Trusting' spoke verses about the raid led by 'Ahd All& b. Jahsh in response to the polytheists and the charges they had made about making killing permissible in the holy month." Ibn Hish~, however, attributed these verses to 'Abd All& b. Jahsh. "You consider killing in the holy month as a grave matter, but there are graver matters to those who view aright: (lie) Your rejection of what Muhammad says and your disbelief in him, and God sees and knows all. And your expelling its people from God's temple so that no one may be seen there prostrating before Him, Even though you blame us for killing him, more damaging to Islam is the evil-doer and the envier. We slaked our lances on Ibn al-Hadrami at Nakhla when W%qid set war alight in blood. While Ibn 'Abd Alhh Wthmm is among us restrained by a strong leather strap." Section: Concerning the change in the prayer direction in 2 AH before the battle of Badr. Some authorities maintain that this occurred in Rajab of the second year of the hegira. Qamda and Zayd h. Aslam stated this, in a tradition related from Mubmmad b. Isbq.
IMAM ABU AL-FIDA' ISMA~L IBN KATH~R 247 Ahmad related, from Ibn 'Abbs, evidence supporting this and that is what is clearly implied by the account of al-Bar2 b. 'Azib, as will be shown. But God knows best. It is also said to date from Sha'bzn in that year. Ibn Is&q stated, after his account of the raid conducted by 'Abd All& b. J&sh, "It is said that the change in the direction of the prayer occurred in Sha'bitn, at the beginning of the 18th month following the arrival of the Messenger of God (SAAS) in Medina." Ibn Jarir related this through al-Suddi with a chain of authorities from Ibn 'Abbits, Ibn Masciid and various Companions. The great majority of scholars maintain that it was changed in fact in the middle of Sha'bm, at the start of the 18th month following the hegira. It was also related from Muhammad b. Sag, on the authority of al-Witqidi to the effect that it was changed on a Tuesday in midSha'ban, though there is some dispute about this. God knows best. We argued against this, with evidence, in the Tafiir (Exegesrs) regarding the words of the Almighty, 'LWe see you turning your face about in the sky and we shall provide you with a qrbla that will please you. Turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque; wherever you may be, turn your face towards it. Those to whom the Book has been brought know that it is the truth from their Lord. And God is not unaware of what they do" (siirat al-Baqara; 11, v.144). 11 (My commentary also examines) the objections made both before and after the change by foolish Jews, hypocrites and low-down ignorant people, and their criticisms were because this was the first abrogation that occurred in Islam. Regarding this, God had previously stated in the course of the Qur'm the permissibility of making abrogation. He had stated, "Whatsoever verse we may cancel or cause to be forgotten we replace with one better or similar. Do you not know that God is capable of all things?" (siirat a&Baqara; 11, v.106). Al-Bukhari had stated, "Abn Nu'aym related to us, (that he had) heard Zuhayr (say) from Aba Ishnq, from al-Bara', who said that the Prophet (SAAS) prayed towards Jerusalem for 16 or 17 months, though it would have pleased him to have faced towards the kacba. He also said that the first time he worshipped towards it was during the al-'ay (late afternoon) prayer. Others were praying along with him at that time. Afterwards a man who had been with him there passed by some people in a mosque prostrated in prayer. He told them, 'I swear by God, I have prayed with the Prophet (SAAS) in the direction of Mecca.' They turned right then and there towards the kacba. We didn't know what to say about people who had died or been killed before the direction for prayer was changed. And so God sent down, 'God is not one to consider your prayer as valueless; God is merciful and kind towards people"' (siirat al-Baqara; 11, v. 143). Muslim related this from another path. Ibn Aba H%im stated, "Aha Zur'a related to us, quoting al-Hasan b. 'Auyya quoting Isra'il, from Aba Ishsq, from al-Bar%", who said, 'The Messenger of
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The Center for Muslim Contribution
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CONTENTS Foreword About this Series
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CONTENTS vii Chapter: On the birth
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In the Name of God, the Beneficent,
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ABOUT THIS SERIES THIS series of Ar
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CENTER FOR MUSLIM CONTRIBUTION TO C
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INTRODUCTION HE work at hand in its
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INTRODUCTION xvii rather rudimentar
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INTRODUCTION nix scholars of Islami
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INTRODUCTION xxi in pertinent ways.
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INTRODUCTION xxiii Finally, the tru
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TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE xxv ave been i
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2 THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD
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390 THE LIFE OF THE I 'ROPHET MUHAM
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The Life of the Prophet Muhammad by Ibn Kathir - Volume 2 of 4

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