The Life of the Prophet Muhammad by Ibn Kathir - Volume 2 of 4

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352 THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD Al-Tirmidhi stated, "This hadith has a controversial chain of authorities. Scholars therefore maintain that when a woman accepts Islam, and her husband does so later, then he is entitled to reconcile with her during the 'idda period. This is the view of Malik, al-Awzaci, al-Shafici, Ahmad and Ishaq. Others state that it is obvious that her Cidda period was over. And that those who relate his having renewed her marriage are on weak grounds." Regarding the case of Zaynab and the above circumstances, here is evidence that if a woman accepts Islam and her husband becomes a Muslim later, her 'rdda period having expired, then her marriage is not thereby nullified. It becomes a matter of choice whether she wishes to marry someone else or to bide her time and wait for her husband to accept Islam, whenever that might be. And she will still be his wife if she has not remarried. There is force and good in this from the legal viewpoint. But God knows best. Testimony in favour of this is given by al-Bukhari when he states, "Regarding the marriage of non-believing women who become Muslims and the period of their Crdda, Ibrzhim h. Masa related to us, quoting Hishw, from Ibn Jarih, from cAtal, from Ihn [Abbns, that the polytheists had two different kinds of relationship with the Messenger of God (SAAS) and the believers, depending upon whether they were enemies fighting and being fought or those with whom there was a mutual non-aggression pact. If a woman were to leave the declared enemy, she could not become engaged until she had had a period and become cleansed. Once cleansed, marriage to her would be permitted. If her husband were to leave (polytheism) before she remarried, then she could be returned to hi. If slaves, whether male or female, should leave polytheism, then they would become free and would have the same rights as other Emigrants." He then quoted from reliable authorities accounts similar to the hadith of Mujhid. This is what he stated, to the letter. His statement, "if a woman were to leave the declared enemy she could not become engaged until she had had a period and had become cleansed" necessitates that she be considered free after one period, not three menses; one group of authorities accepts this view. And his statement, "if her husband were to leave polytheism before she remarried, then she could be returned to him," necessitates that even if he left after her being considered free, following the 'idda period, that she would be returned to her first husband provided she had not married someone else. This is clearly the case for Zaynab, daughter of the Prophet (SAAS), and this is accepted by some scholars. But God knows best. Section: Verses composed about the glorious battle of Badr. These include the following given by Ibn Ishaq quoting Hamza b. 'Abd al-Mu((alib. Ibn Hishzm declared these verses inauthentic:
IMAM ABU AL-FIDA' ISMA~L IBN KATH~R "Did you not see one of time's great wonders? And to destiny there are causes clear to see. It was nothing but a people destroying themselves, perishing by advising towards disrespect and disbelief, One evening they went forth with their forces towards Badr, being fate's pawns destined for its water hole. We had sought for the caravan, desir~ng nothing else, but they advanced towards us and destiny made us meet. And when we clashed we did not wish to retreat but only to strike with well-made blades, And to strike off heads with their edges, weapons that shone as they made their mark. We left the evil Wtba lying there, and Shayha among the dead who dropped into the pit. And 'Am fell dead among those of their guard who fell, and the clothes of mourning women were rent for 'Amr, The clothes of women of Lu'ayy h. Ghalih, noble women, shedding tears more abundantly than the Fihr. Those were people killed in their error, and they abandoned a banner not brought there for victory, The banner of error, whose forces Satan was leading; be betrayed them - the evil one engages in deception. He told them, having seen the matter clearly, 'I am quit of you. I have no endurance today. And I see what you do not; I fear God's punishment, and God has power.' He led them to doom and they were embroiled, for he had knowledge unknown to them. On the morning of the battle at the well they were a thousand strong, while we were 300, shining lie fine young horses Among us were God's forces, helping us at that place whose reputation will always be famous. Gabriel attacked them beneath our banner in that battle where their destiny would come." Ibn Ishzq also quoted their reply composed by al-Haritb b. Hishm, bur we have deliberately omitted this. 'Ali b. Aba Tdib spoke the following verses, though these are disputed by Ibn Hishm: "Did you not see that God put His Messenger to the test, as one tests someone well-loved, respected and good, By which He reduced the unbelievers to humiliation; they encountered the shame of capture and death, And so the Messenger of God's victory was glorious; God's Messenger was sent with justice.
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The Center for Muslim Contribution
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CONTENTS Foreword About this Series
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CONTENTS vii Chapter: On the birth
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In the Name of God, the Beneficent,
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ABOUT THIS SERIES THIS series of Ar
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CENTER FOR MUSLIM CONTRIBUTION TO C
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INTRODUCTION HE work at hand in its
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INTRODUCTION xvii rather rudimentar
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INTRODUCTION nix scholars of Islami
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INTRODUCTION xxi in pertinent ways.
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INTRODUCTION xxiii Finally, the tru
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TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE xxv ave been i
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2 THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD
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The Life of the Prophet Muhammad by Ibn Kathir - Volume 2 of 4

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