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Anglo-French , Dual Control in 1876, which oupervined the
repayments of interest on the debt. By 1880 intervention
in the internal affairs of Egypt$ - the installation of a now
Khedive, Towfik, in 18799 for instance
$ was causing
political structure to disintegrates The result was the
military rebellion lad by Arabi Pasha in 1881,6 An far an
pocoiblo Dritioh statesman of both partioo preferred the
traditional indirect methods of control to the hazards and
expense of direct responsibility$ ontailing an occupations but
they could not remain blind to the fact that the Arabiot
rebellion eicht endanger the passage through the Suez Canals
the vital route to India and the Eact. ! linictcrn were anxious
not to act without France, the other partner in the Control.
But an Anglo-French naval dcoonntration in flay only strengthened
Arabia position# and on 11th and 12th June the Alexandrian
riots occurred in which a Cood deal of European property was
destroyed and fifty Europeane were killed, The decisive
stop towards intervention wan taken on 11th duly when the
British navy bombarded the forts at Alexandria and followed
this up by an expedition under Lord ' 'oleoley. This turned out
as a purely British endeavour owing to a last zminute change of
plan by the new French Governments The military success of the
undertaking was assured with the defeat of Arabi at Tel-ol"Kebir
on 13th September. The I3ritich were the do facto masters of
the