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34?.
Imperialism had become an established fact by 1897,
cymbolioed by the Jubilee. It had come to mean not just
preoorvation of the existing Empire, but the active increase
of territory, In view of international rivalry in Africa,
this could only lead to a mood of hostility and aggression
towards foreign poworo who stood in Britoin'o way. Imperialist
expansion itself was necessarily an expansion of armed
force. The 71enopbobia and jingoist hysteria of the
period appoara nowhere so clearly as in the Sudan Faahoda
crioi$ of 1898.