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280,
J. A. Hobson and D. G. Ritchie argued that military and physical
struggle had been superooded by a higher contact of'intellect,
a struggle between rival ideas and theorise.
(I)
But 1tobooa
was careful to retain all the ingre4lents of evolutionary thoory$ -
*a "All the easentiala of the biological otrugple for life are
retained, the incentive to individual vigour, the intensity of
the struggle, the elizination of the unfit and the survival of
the fittest. " (2)
The inferiority of coloured racon was taken for granted
no fl. A. C. Cairns pointed outs
(3)
evolutionary
theories
ensured that African natives were soon an "contemporary ancoatora"
DC grown-up children lower down the evolutionar. * scald than the
white races. Even a Liberal anti"Inporiolist such ae G. P. Gooch
regarded nativen im "'... impreeaionnblo children of nature. " (4)
There was no attempt at cultural relativity or evaluation of
tribal society on its own inorita, - it was accepted that the
norms of Victorian society nuot be imposed on Africa. ITativoo
must be firmly ruled, 1'... however good they may beg they must an
a peoples be ruled with a hand of iron in a velvet Clove; and if
(1) J. A. Hobson, Inpori a1inn udy. London 3rd odition 1938,
P#187 at aaq.
D. Go I itohio, Darwinism and Politich
p. 22 of aoq,
(2) J. A. Hioboon, Or cit1 p. 189.
# London 2nd odition
(3) EE"A. C. Cairna, FrrIude to In Grit 1icm British reAc
Centrn1 African Söcirs ty 1 ,. A-1 9O, London 1965*
(Zý ^hpýhevrt of Ern, ire. OP cit,
ýýI I yýrIýMMýýýi
1895,