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are the same as with the pharyngeal tube, except
that no stomach tube can be introduced. No
time should be lost in fastening the mask; it
should be pressed to the face with one hand, while
the other hand is working the respiratory valve,
until more help is obtained.
Both methods have been tried on numerous
animals and have been demonstrated keeping animals
alive for many hours while under the exacting
conditions of curare and ether and of
opened thorax. The methods have also been
proved efficient in causing inflation of the lungs
in cadavers in rigor or after hours on ice. Even
when rigidity of the walls obscured external
movements, auscultation demonstrated clearly the
entrance of air into the lungs. Especially in cases
dying with pulmonary oedema, the rhythmical
crackling which could be readily heard was very
convincing. The pharyngeal tube seemed to work
somewhat more efficiently than the mask method.
The apparatus which Dr. Meltzer has devised
has the following commendable features: (1) Its
positive action is determined by the operator, and
not left to a mechanism which may fail to operate.
(2) It is free from a sucking action during
expiration. Expiration results from the natural
recoil of the disturbed parts. (3) It is light.
(4) It is relatively inexpensive. (5) It is simple.
(6) It embodies in a form which ean be used by
laymen a method of artificial respiration which
has been employed for many years in scores of
laboratories and on thousands of animals, and is
known to be effective and free from danger.
These are virtues which stand out prominently
at points where present commercial devices are
in fact most defective. The Commission therefore
recommends this apparatus as a satisfactory
means of continuing artificial respiration and
suggests that in cases of suspended breathing
the modified prone pressure method be supplemented
as soon as possible by the use of the
Meltzer apparatus.
PICTURES TO PREVENT
ACCIDENTS IN COAL MINES.
Photographs and motion pictures are being
brought to play a part in the educational system
now being developed by the coal operators of
West Virginia to lessen the number of mine accidents,
increase efficiency at the mines and add to
the earning capacity of the miners.
In no other way, it is said, have the companies
been able to bring home to the men the danger
and the need of caution. This is especially true
in the case of foreign-born miners, who are
largely in the majority in West Virginia. Only a
comparatively few of these men can speak or
read English and it is found that the pictorial
THE COAL TRADE BULLETIN. 59
method is more effective in impressing upon them
the need of caution than any number of printed
or spoken warnings.
The photographs and moving pictures to be produced
will show how the work should not be
done and then how it should be done—the wrong
way involving danger and the right way insuring
safety.
Dean Jones, of the School of Mines, at the University
of West Virginia, announces he is planning
a campaign of education looking toward
making the miners more careful about rushing
into places they know to be dangerous and taking
chances and also to make them more heedful of
the warnings and instructions of the officials of
the mines. Dean Jones declares that photographs
and moving pictures will play the principal part
in this campaign of education.
JAMES D. SIMPSON TAKES CHARGE OF OPER­
ATIONS FOR BERWIND-WHITE COMPANY
AT WINDBER, SUCCEEDING W. R. CAL­
VERLEY.
.Mr. James D. Simpson has become general superintendent
of mines for the Berwind-White Coal
.Mining Co., with headquarters at Windber, Pa.,
taking the place held until recently by Mr. W. R.
Calverley. Mr. Simpson has been in charge as
superintendent of the mines of the Ocean Coal Co.
at Herminie, Pa., for about two years. Previously
he was a superintendent with the Monongahela
River Consolidated Coal & Coke Co. at
California, Pa. Mr. Simpson is an exceptionally
able operating official, with a great faculty for
organizing and systematizing operations. He is
young and energetic and with his best years before
him can make a notable success in the broad field
he has entered.
The Rombauer Coal Co., of Novinger, Mo., has
gone into receivership, and H. G. Kellogg, of the
K. C. Midland Coal & Mining Co., has been appointed
by the court as receiver for tbe creditors.
The executive board of the Michigan-Ohio-Indiana
Coal Dealers' association will meet at Indianapolis,
lnd., Jan. 20 and 21, and will select a place
of the next convention.
Rumors have been heard that W. J. Rainey has
contracted with the Youngstown Sheet & Tube
Co. for 60,000 tons of coke per month at a $2
price.
The Pineville Coal Co., Pineville, Ky., will open
two mines, on its property near that place, with a
daily capacity of 1,000 tons.
Many a coal man turned a thankful gaze from
the thermometer within the past few days.