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WHC-SD-W100-TI-003 Rev. 0
This is the raw material as is comes directly from the distillation column.
It has a low softening temperature, high penetration, and low compressive
strength.
Pitch
This is straight-run bitumen that has been
solvents. The material solidifies when the
controls are required.
Oxidized
liquefied by dilution with organic
solvent evaporates. Solvent vapor
Oxidized bitumen is produced by blowing air through straight-run material. It
is commonly used for roofing applications. This material is stronger, harder,
and less sensitive to temperature changes than straight-run. This results in
hig,i'cr nieitiny^ p"uint proccssing temperatures.
Cracked
Cracked bitumen is more fe^Ci *ive to temperature changes than other types.
This imparts a quick-hardening nature, giving high strength combined with low
penetrat-ion--and--a high softening point. Cracked bitumens can become brittle
at low temperature.
Emulsions
Bitumen emulsions are similar to pitch, except the solvent is aqueous with
surfactants to prevent phase separation. The material solidifies when the
wat2r--i-s-evaporated.
Sulfur
Sulfur has several possible uses in radioactive waste treatment in WRAP Module
2A. It can be used as a solidification matrix, a hardener, and as an amalgam
for mercury treatment.
Immobilization matrix
Sulfur "cement" can be used in a manner similar to other thermopolymers. It
exhibits high strength and low penetration. Vapor controls are necessary and
there is some concern about potential phase changes in the final waste form
causing ioss of structural properties over time.
Bitumen hardener
_-____Sulfur can be added to straight-run bitumen to increase its hardness and
compressive strength. Sulfur hardening of bitumen is a non-reversible
process.
Polyethylene
G-5