A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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An international example of stewardship or using innovative techniques for resource extraction is the Quang Ningh coal mining region in northern Vietnam. By utilising efficient longwall extraction, surplus funds are used for rehabilitation of old waste spoil piles. MINE: Underground and open pit coal mines LOCATION: Quang Ninh province, Vietnam BRIEF DESCRIPTION: Application of new technology into underground coal mining in Vietnam. AREA OF LEADING PRACTICE: Resource utilisation; new technologies/risk management being implemented DESCRIPTION OF INNOVATION: Underground mining has been operating in Quangninh province, Vietnam since the early 20th century. However, due to both the complications of geological/ geotechnical/mining conditions and outdated equipment, coal production in Quangninh remained at 4 to 6 million tonnes per year for many years. Almost of the longwall faces at that time were supported by wooden props, causing the low output and productivity, and low standard of safety management. Since the 1990s, the Vietnam National Coal - Mineral Industries Holding Corporation Ltd. (VINACOMIN) has been applying advanced science and new technology into almost every stage of mining production, including: coal extraction, roadway development, underground transport, gas management, ventilation, water degradation, and environment protection in order to improve coal production and safety management. Recent improvements include: the application of the hydraulic props, moving girder hydraulic shields or mechanized shields to replace wooden props in supporting the longwall face; new types of transport in mines such as conveyors, hanging conveyor, extendable conveyer also have been applied to replace the inefficient kinds of transport in underground mine such as wagon pulling by locomotives; some types of transportation for workers in underground such as winch assisting workers walking in underground mines, infinite winch used for transport workers from surface to the working places to reduce the time and minimise the impact on employees’ health. At present, the gas content in the coal seams in the Quangninh coalfield has been determined and the database of coal seams according to gas content has been established and classified. This database can assist the mine planners to design the strategies for preventing the potential problem of spontaneous combustion in underground mines. In addition, almost all of underground coal mines have been equipped with methane tracking stations to monitor the gas content in underground so that the potential problems can be prevented. This improvement has resulted in a dramatic increase in coal production, productivity, coal recovery, and the standard of safety management. For example, the output from a longwall face increased from 40,000 - 60,000 tonnes per year (the face supported by timber props) to approximately 250,000-500,000 tonnes per year, the productivity increased A GUIDE TO LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MINING 115
from 2.5 – 3.0 tonnes/man-shift to 15.0 – 20.0 tonnes/man-shift. The total coal product produced by VINACOMIN increased rapidly, from 9 million tonnes in 1995 to 44.4 million tonnes in 2009 (an increase rate of 15-20% per year). In addition, because coal from the face was extracted and loaded to the conveyor by the machine instead of manually, and the faces were supported by mechanized shields with high loading capacity, the working condition of the miners and the standard of safety management are much improved. Experiences from underground coal mining in Vietnam has proved that sustainable development can be achieved by implementing advanced technology with the trend of mechanization, automation, computerization into mining operations. The benefits to the community include: Extraction of a valuable resource that would otherwise remain in the ground Numerous jobs for the local community By continuing to operate the underground mine, funds are available for rehabilitation of the adjacent surface mine dumps (figure 4.16) Figure 4.15 - Longwall face supported by mechanized shields, extracted by the shearer applied at Vangdanh coal mines in 2007 * contributed by: Hong Quang - Vinacomin Figure 4.16 – View over Ha Long Bay from top of waste dump 116 LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY
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LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELO
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Disclaimer This publication has bee
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3.0 DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION 61
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Leading Practi
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viii LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE D
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1.0 INTRODUCTION The Purpose and La
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Water Management (LP Water) This ha
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Site water team Corporate managemen
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Sustainable Mining There is no one
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Mining the resource efficiently. Th
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Efficiency SUSTAINABLE MINING PRACT
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LOCATION: Vilabouly District, Savan
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Leading Practice The handbooks in t
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2.0 PRE-DEVELOPMENT: MINERAL EXPLOR
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The application of high standard en
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The Business Case for Sustainabilit
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The information obtained from these
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conditions are appropriate. In NSW,
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Such richness also brings challenge
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The dunefields of Shelburne Bay had
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Community Engagement in the Early S
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Baseline studies and social impact
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Upon completion of the study, resea
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The scenarios envisaged for the Wat
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2. Reflections on the significance
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Engaging with Indigenous communitie
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Figure 2.9 - A New Township under C
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Geochemical assessment aims to iden
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Regardless of the project phase (ex
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Evaluating Performance: Monitoring
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For these reasons, it is important
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Risk Management and Exploration Exp
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Post-mining & closure Resource deve
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level of family diversity was maint
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Introduction The development and co
Page 75 and 76: MINE: Mt Todd LOCATION: Near Kather
Page 77 and 78: Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
Page 79 and 80: Biodiversity Management During Deve
Page 81 and 82: Rather than taking a generic approa
Page 83 and 84: Step 2: Working in collaboration On
Page 85 and 86: course was designed to train and pr
Page 87 and 88: Adjustments for changes in the mine
Page 89 and 90: indicators of high importance durin
Page 91 and 92: Operating major mining projects pre
Page 93 and 94: the earliest stage of development,
Page 95 and 96: Watercourse diversions In order to
Page 97 and 98: Figure 3.7 - Morwell River after di
Page 99 and 100: tailings disposal techniques contin
Page 101 and 102: Figure 4.2 - Predicted blast overpr
Page 103 and 104: Responsible management of biodivers
Page 105 and 106: Leading practice management of wate
Page 107 and 108: MINE: Pierina Mine LOCATION: Distri
Page 109 and 110: Weipa - a sustainable approach to t
Page 111 and 112: Adopting the International Cyanide
Page 113 and 114: Box 1: Major recent incidents invol
Page 115 and 116: MINE: Chatree gold mine LOCATION: P
Page 117 and 118: The audit outcomes also highlight t
Page 119 and 120: Mercury for gold recovery in small/
Page 121 and 122: Figure 4.9 - Geological control to
Page 123 and 124: highest rating group for the whole
Page 125: Figure 4.13 - Beverley uranium mine
Page 129 and 130: Figure 4.17 - Sunrise Dam TSF Taili
Page 131 and 132: Dry stacking bauxite residue is now
Page 133 and 134: Once the water is used underground
Page 135 and 136: The Rio Tinto “Excellence in Wate
Page 137 and 138: Background Image: Sourced from GOOG
Page 139 and 140: Company policies and government reg
Page 142 and 143: 5.0 MINE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE
Page 144 and 145: Closure involves the implementation
Page 146 and 147: Biodiversity and Closure Introducti
Page 148 and 149: e better than the high standard bei
Page 150 and 151: Figure 5.7 - Pasture and shelter tr
Page 152 and 153: The Argyle Diamonds case study (see
Page 154 and 155: support and on site accommodation a
Page 156 and 157: Having the right information to mak
Page 158 and 159: Figure 5.13 - Misima after rehabili
Page 160 and 161: In January 2011, the PNG government
Page 162 and 163: MINE: Former lignite mines LOCATION
Page 164 and 165: Fig 5.16: Former Minister Stein Coa
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.19 - Rehabilitated mine si
Page 168 and 169: Figure 5.21 - Pit water treatment p
Page 170 and 171: Final Rehabilitation Rehabilitation
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5.23: Aerial view of Area 4
Page 174 and 175: Landform construction In general, e
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The Hsin-Chen Shan quarry terrain i
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Figure 5.29 - Spreading topsoil at
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Risk Management Risk at closure and
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During the 1980s and 1990s, a numbe
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An example of direct vegetation is
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Water Management Central to a mine
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Department of Resources, Energy and
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GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS Abandoned min
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Biodiversity offsets Conservation a
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Cultural heritage Cultural heritage
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Engagement At its simplest, engagem
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High rate thickener A thickener thr
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NAPP Net Acid Producing Potential,
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Product stewardship This is perhaps
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Risk management process The risk ma
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Sustainable development Sustainable
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A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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