A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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Having the right information to make the best technical and social decisions in closure planning requires the collection, assessment and management of environmental, social and economic data. It is necessary to continually review of site characterisation, baseline study information and of the risks and opportunities of closure. It is important at this step to understand the range of stakeholder requirements including community expectations for final land use, cultural and heritage values, government regulation and other legal requirements. Early identification of data gaps helps guide any research and development programs needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of unproven rehabilitation strategies. A data recording and management system will help the closure planning team in understanding the status of closure issues. It is becoming increasingly difficult for mining companies to relinquish mine sites and “walk away” with all obligations for future maintenance and funding discharged. This is because: it can take considerable persistence by a company to achieve relinquishment, particularly if early rehabilitation is inadequate for the task. the selection of a robust and verifiable process to monitor and demonstrate completion criteria is crucial for closure. early establishment of verifiable completion criteria is critical to receiving acceptance and approval for relinquishment by the regulator. An excellent case study illustrating these points is the Bottle Creek mine in Western Australia (see LP Closure p.11). The mine commenced operation in June 1988 but, due to a limited gold resource, ceased operation in November 1989. Three open-pits and waste landforms, a plant site, run-of-mine pad and two tailings storage facilities were established during the operational stage of the project. A request to release the bond and relinquish the lease was first made in 1996 and eventually finalized in 2001. Figure 5.11 – Bottle Creek mine before and after rehabilitation A GUIDE TO LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MINING 145
Another example of planning for closure is the Misima gold mine in Papua New Guinea. Misima Gold Mine commenced operation in 1987 and operated until 2004 producing 3.6 million ounces of gold. Final deconstruction and rehabilitation earthworks were completed in April 2005. The closure of a large mine site can have potentially conflicting objectives such as minimising costs of closure, maximising ongoing benefits to the local community or region, and minimising environmental liabilities from the mining operation. The achievement of such goals often requires compromises. Mine closure planning can be very challenging, particularly when socio-economic, cultural and political factors are included and further complications arise from stakeholder disputes over the actual detail of final asset disposition and final land use targets. Detailed planning for the closure of Misima Mines Limited commenced five years prior to the last ounce of gold being poured. The following outcomes were achieved (LP Closure p.16): successful deconstruction/demolition and earthworks completed as planned. no lost time accidents or serious injuries. landform use suitable for agricultural purposes. social opportunities created with local landholder group and government managing the hydroelectric power and water system on behalf of the community. local and provincial governments responsible for the health and medical centres and other infrastructure installed as part of the community development plan. Figure 5.12 - Misima before rehabilitation 146 LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY
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LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELO
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Disclaimer This publication has bee
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3.0 DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION 61
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Leading Practi
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viii LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE D
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1.0 INTRODUCTION The Purpose and La
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Water Management (LP Water) This ha
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Site water team Corporate managemen
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Sustainable Mining There is no one
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Mining the resource efficiently. Th
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Efficiency SUSTAINABLE MINING PRACT
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LOCATION: Vilabouly District, Savan
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Leading Practice The handbooks in t
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2.0 PRE-DEVELOPMENT: MINERAL EXPLOR
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The application of high standard en
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The Business Case for Sustainabilit
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The information obtained from these
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conditions are appropriate. In NSW,
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Such richness also brings challenge
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The dunefields of Shelburne Bay had
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Community Engagement in the Early S
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Baseline studies and social impact
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Upon completion of the study, resea
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The scenarios envisaged for the Wat
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2. Reflections on the significance
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Engaging with Indigenous communitie
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Figure 2.9 - A New Township under C
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Geochemical assessment aims to iden
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Regardless of the project phase (ex
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Evaluating Performance: Monitoring
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For these reasons, it is important
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Risk Management and Exploration Exp
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Post-mining & closure Resource deve
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level of family diversity was maint
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Introduction The development and co
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MINE: Mt Todd LOCATION: Near Kather
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Biodiversity Management During Deve
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Rather than taking a generic approa
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Step 2: Working in collaboration On
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course was designed to train and pr
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Adjustments for changes in the mine
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indicators of high importance durin
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Operating major mining projects pre
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the earliest stage of development,
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Watercourse diversions In order to
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Figure 3.7 - Morwell River after di
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tailings disposal techniques contin
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Figure 4.2 - Predicted blast overpr
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Responsible management of biodivers
Page 105 and 106: Leading practice management of wate
Page 107 and 108: MINE: Pierina Mine LOCATION: Distri
Page 109 and 110: Weipa - a sustainable approach to t
Page 111 and 112: Adopting the International Cyanide
Page 113 and 114: Box 1: Major recent incidents invol
Page 115 and 116: MINE: Chatree gold mine LOCATION: P
Page 117 and 118: The audit outcomes also highlight t
Page 119 and 120: Mercury for gold recovery in small/
Page 121 and 122: Figure 4.9 - Geological control to
Page 123 and 124: highest rating group for the whole
Page 125 and 126: Figure 4.13 - Beverley uranium mine
Page 127 and 128: from 2.5 - 3.0 tonnes/man-shift to
Page 129 and 130: Figure 4.17 - Sunrise Dam TSF Taili
Page 131 and 132: Dry stacking bauxite residue is now
Page 133 and 134: Once the water is used underground
Page 135 and 136: The Rio Tinto “Excellence in Wate
Page 137 and 138: Background Image: Sourced from GOOG
Page 139 and 140: Company policies and government reg
Page 142 and 143: 5.0 MINE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE
Page 144 and 145: Closure involves the implementation
Page 146 and 147: Biodiversity and Closure Introducti
Page 148 and 149: e better than the high standard bei
Page 150 and 151: Figure 5.7 - Pasture and shelter tr
Page 152 and 153: The Argyle Diamonds case study (see
Page 154 and 155: support and on site accommodation a
Page 158 and 159: Figure 5.13 - Misima after rehabili
Page 160 and 161: In January 2011, the PNG government
Page 162 and 163: MINE: Former lignite mines LOCATION
Page 164 and 165: Fig 5.16: Former Minister Stein Coa
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.19 - Rehabilitated mine si
Page 168 and 169: Figure 5.21 - Pit water treatment p
Page 170 and 171: Final Rehabilitation Rehabilitation
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5.23: Aerial view of Area 4
Page 174 and 175: Landform construction In general, e
Page 176 and 177: The Hsin-Chen Shan quarry terrain i
Page 178 and 179: Figure 5.29 - Spreading topsoil at
Page 180 and 181: Risk Management Risk at closure and
Page 182 and 183: During the 1980s and 1990s, a numbe
Page 184 and 185: An example of direct vegetation is
Page 186: Water Management Central to a mine
Page 189 and 190: Department of Resources, Energy and
Page 192 and 193: GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS Abandoned min
Page 194 and 195: Biodiversity offsets Conservation a
Page 196 and 197: Cultural heritage Cultural heritage
Page 198 and 199: Engagement At its simplest, engagem
Page 200 and 201: High rate thickener A thickener thr
Page 202 and 203: NAPP Net Acid Producing Potential,
Page 204 and 205: Product stewardship This is perhaps
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Risk management process The risk ma
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Sustainable development Sustainable
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A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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