A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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Figure 5.13 - Misima after rehabilitation MINE: Misima Gold and Silver Mine LOCATION: Misima Island, 200km east of Papua New Guinea (PNG) BRIEF DESCRIPTION: Operation operated by Misima Mines Ltd and owned through a joint venture between Placer Dome – Misima Mines’ parent company – (80%) and PNG State Company Orogen Minerals (20%). In 2006 Barrick acquired Placer Dome and its mines. AREA OF LEADING PRACTICE: Development of an area’s human and social capital as part of mine’s operation and closure plans. HANDBOOK(S) REFERENCE: Community Engagement, Working with Indigenous Communities, Mine Closure and Completion. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: Gold and Silver mine opening in 1990, operations were completed in May 2001 with stockpile milling continuing until the closure in 2004. SUSTAINABILITY IMPACTS: Misima Island was seen as being particularly vulnerable to the social impacts of large-scale mining as it had not been exposed to a large-scale development before, and had limited experience with a cash economy. Prior to the mine opening, life on the island consisted of subsistence farming and fishing. This was supplemented with cash earned from the sale of copra. For most families this was enough to buy manufactured tools and utensils, and sometimes to pay school fees. A GUIDE TO LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MINING 147
During the mine’s operation, road infrastructure was upgraded in order to transport workers from their remote villages to the mine site. Misima Mines built classrooms, medical aid posts and fresh water supply systems through a tax credit scheme that redirected a percentage of the government’s revenues back to the local community. Existing trade stores expanded and new ones opened to sell workers a wider range of goods. The government built a high school on the island, enabling more local children to extend their education. Following the mine’s closure, the improvements made to the islanders’ standard of living began to deteriorate. Employment opportunities were reduced and many land owners had to return to subsistence farming and fishing. Funding for the ongoing improvement and maintenance of infrastructure systems related to the mine’s operation, such as roads, electricity grids and improvements to the airport, ceased as no other industries had been developed to provide alternative revenue streams. In addition, since they were provided by the mine, the PNG Government had limited capacity to maintain these projects through the national budget. Response of Mine Management: Focus was placed on developing the island’s human and social capital. In terms of human capital, a base had already been established by an improved education infrastructure creating a relatively high level of literacy on the island. The company also helped employees get certification in various skilled trades and professions such as accountancy, nursing and engineering. The company hired an NGO to help local leaders develop the skills needed to create strategic plans for each village and then take them to higher levels of government. Misima Mines also helped the traditional land owners where the mine was situated to get organised and initiate a trust fund with their royalty money. Social capital meant having enough internal cohesiveness to agree upon, and work towards, common goals. On Misima, traditionally, collaborative action seldom extended beyond the clan and village levels. The challenge therefore was to have the diverse, dispersed villages and clans come together and take charge of planning their collective future. Misima Mines convened an advisory group composed of the leaders of all the stakeholders. It included churches, a women’s association, a national human development NGO, an international environmental and social NGO, the landowners and four levels of government. Each time the multi-stakeholder advisory group met, it created stronger network ties among Misima’s organisations. The major problems that the advisory group faced were food security, alternative sources of cash income and public infrastructure maintenance. Misima Mines took a plot of land and started an agricultural research and training centre that experimented with various high-value, low-weight cash crops for export, such as vanilla, kava and nutmeg. 148 LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY
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LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELO
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Disclaimer This publication has bee
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3.0 DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION 61
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Leading Practi
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viii LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE D
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1.0 INTRODUCTION The Purpose and La
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Water Management (LP Water) This ha
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Site water team Corporate managemen
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Sustainable Mining There is no one
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Mining the resource efficiently. Th
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Efficiency SUSTAINABLE MINING PRACT
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LOCATION: Vilabouly District, Savan
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Leading Practice The handbooks in t
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2.0 PRE-DEVELOPMENT: MINERAL EXPLOR
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The application of high standard en
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The Business Case for Sustainabilit
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The information obtained from these
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conditions are appropriate. In NSW,
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Such richness also brings challenge
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The dunefields of Shelburne Bay had
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Community Engagement in the Early S
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Baseline studies and social impact
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Upon completion of the study, resea
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The scenarios envisaged for the Wat
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2. Reflections on the significance
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Engaging with Indigenous communitie
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Figure 2.9 - A New Township under C
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Geochemical assessment aims to iden
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Regardless of the project phase (ex
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Evaluating Performance: Monitoring
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For these reasons, it is important
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Risk Management and Exploration Exp
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Post-mining & closure Resource deve
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level of family diversity was maint
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Introduction The development and co
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MINE: Mt Todd LOCATION: Near Kather
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Biodiversity Management During Deve
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Rather than taking a generic approa
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Step 2: Working in collaboration On
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course was designed to train and pr
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Adjustments for changes in the mine
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indicators of high importance durin
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Operating major mining projects pre
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the earliest stage of development,
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Watercourse diversions In order to
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Figure 3.7 - Morwell River after di
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tailings disposal techniques contin
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Figure 4.2 - Predicted blast overpr
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Responsible management of biodivers
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Leading practice management of wate
Page 107 and 108: MINE: Pierina Mine LOCATION: Distri
Page 109 and 110: Weipa - a sustainable approach to t
Page 111 and 112: Adopting the International Cyanide
Page 113 and 114: Box 1: Major recent incidents invol
Page 115 and 116: MINE: Chatree gold mine LOCATION: P
Page 117 and 118: The audit outcomes also highlight t
Page 119 and 120: Mercury for gold recovery in small/
Page 121 and 122: Figure 4.9 - Geological control to
Page 123 and 124: highest rating group for the whole
Page 125 and 126: Figure 4.13 - Beverley uranium mine
Page 127 and 128: from 2.5 - 3.0 tonnes/man-shift to
Page 129 and 130: Figure 4.17 - Sunrise Dam TSF Taili
Page 131 and 132: Dry stacking bauxite residue is now
Page 133 and 134: Once the water is used underground
Page 135 and 136: The Rio Tinto “Excellence in Wate
Page 137 and 138: Background Image: Sourced from GOOG
Page 139 and 140: Company policies and government reg
Page 142 and 143: 5.0 MINE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE
Page 144 and 145: Closure involves the implementation
Page 146 and 147: Biodiversity and Closure Introducti
Page 148 and 149: e better than the high standard bei
Page 150 and 151: Figure 5.7 - Pasture and shelter tr
Page 152 and 153: The Argyle Diamonds case study (see
Page 154 and 155: support and on site accommodation a
Page 156 and 157: Having the right information to mak
Page 160 and 161: In January 2011, the PNG government
Page 162 and 163: MINE: Former lignite mines LOCATION
Page 164 and 165: Fig 5.16: Former Minister Stein Coa
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.19 - Rehabilitated mine si
Page 168 and 169: Figure 5.21 - Pit water treatment p
Page 170 and 171: Final Rehabilitation Rehabilitation
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5.23: Aerial view of Area 4
Page 174 and 175: Landform construction In general, e
Page 176 and 177: The Hsin-Chen Shan quarry terrain i
Page 178 and 179: Figure 5.29 - Spreading topsoil at
Page 180 and 181: Risk Management Risk at closure and
Page 182 and 183: During the 1980s and 1990s, a numbe
Page 184 and 185: An example of direct vegetation is
Page 186: Water Management Central to a mine
Page 189 and 190: Department of Resources, Energy and
Page 192 and 193: GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS Abandoned min
Page 194 and 195: Biodiversity offsets Conservation a
Page 196 and 197: Cultural heritage Cultural heritage
Page 198 and 199: Engagement At its simplest, engagem
Page 200 and 201: High rate thickener A thickener thr
Page 202 and 203: NAPP Net Acid Producing Potential,
Page 204 and 205: Product stewardship This is perhaps
Page 206 and 207: Risk management process The risk ma
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Sustainable development Sustainable
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