A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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Cultural heritage Cultural heritage encompasses the qualities and attributes of places that have aesthetic, historic, scientific or social value for past, present or future generations. These values may be seen in a place’s physical features, but importantly can also be intangible qualities such as peoples associations with, or feelings for a place. Cyanide forms These are complexes of cyanide with gold, mercury, cobalt, and iron that are very stable even under mildly acidic conditions. Both ferrocyanides and ferricyanides decompose to release free cyanide when exposed to direct ultraviolet light in aqueous solutions. This decomposition process is reversed in the dark. The stability of cyanide salts and complexes is pH dependent and, therefore, their toxicities can vary. Decant or supernatant water Body of process water that has separated from the tailings solids (supernatant water) in the tailings storage facility, plus any rainfall runoff collected on the facility. Decommissioning The process that begins near, or at, the cessation of mineral production and ends with removal of all unwanted infrastructure and services. Deep bed thickener A thickener relying on a lifting action to minimise the likelihood of “bogging” and allow a deep bed of slurry to be thickened and delivered on demand. Deoxygenation The act or operation of depriving of oxygen. Desiccation Drying, shrinkage and cracking of the tailings surface by solar evaporation. Dewatering Removal of water from a slurry by thickening, filtration or centrifuging. Dewatering in situ Drain-down of deposited wet tailings as they undergo sedimentation, consolidation and desiccation. Dispersive soil Soils that are structurally unstable and disperse in water into basic particles (such as sand, silt and clay). Dispersive soils tend to be highly erodible and present problems for successfully managing earthworks. Diversion task: A diversion task manages raw water to facilitate mining and processing operations. A diversion task does not connect with site stores. It does not transform raw water into worked water. It displaces raw water, with some losses. Down Valley Discharge Discharge of thickened tailings down a valley towards a containment wall, located at the head of a catchment. A GUIDE TO LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MINING 185
Downstream method, construction or raising Construction of the tailings containment walls in a downstream direction, generally using waste rock or borrow materials. Downstream or outer face External perimeter of a tailings storage facility exposed to the environment. Dreamtime Also called The Dreaming, it is the central, unifying theme in Aboriginal culture. Australian Aborigines are thought to have the oldest continuously maintained cultural history on Earth (50 000 years or more); the Dreamtime explains the origins and culture of the land and of its people and is, in Australian Aboriginal lore, the mystical past when spirit gods were believed to inhabit the earth. Eco-efficiency Eco-efficiency is “reached by the delivery of competitively priced goods and services that satisfy human needs and bring quality of life, while progressively reducing ecological impacts and resource intensity throughout the life cycle, to a level at least in line with the earth’s carrying capacity”. Eco-system A system whose members benefit from each other’s participation via symbiotic relationships (positive sum relations). It is a term that originated from biology and refers to self-sustaining systems. Ecosystem Function Analysis (EFA) A procedure used by some mines to assess ecosystem function and recovery following disturbance. The three components of EFA are Landscape Function Analysis, Vegetation Dynamics and Habitat Complexity. Embankment A term describing a tailings or water containment wall. Encapsulation Surrounding a reactive waste by benign materials that isolate the reactive waste material from oxygen ingress and/or water flow. End-dumping The process of dumping material from the back of a dump truck. Overburden piles are constructed by backing a dump truck on the top surface of a pile to the edge of the pile, and end-dumping the waste rock over the side of the pile. Endemic species Native plant or animal restricted to a specific locality or geographic region. Enduring Value Enduring Value is the Australian Minerals Industry Framework for Sustainable Development. Established by the Minerals Council of Australia, it aligns with global industry initiatives and, in particular, provides critical guidance on the International Council on Mining and Metals’ (ICMM) Sustainable Development Framework Principles and their application at the operational level. For further information refer to the Minerals Council of Australia web site: www.minerals.org.au. 186 LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY
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LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE DEVELO
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Disclaimer This publication has bee
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3.0 DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION 61
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Leading Practi
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viii LEADING PRACTICE SUSTAINABLE D
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1.0 INTRODUCTION The Purpose and La
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Water Management (LP Water) This ha
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Site water team Corporate managemen
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Sustainable Mining There is no one
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Mining the resource efficiently. Th
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Efficiency SUSTAINABLE MINING PRACT
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LOCATION: Vilabouly District, Savan
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Leading Practice The handbooks in t
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2.0 PRE-DEVELOPMENT: MINERAL EXPLOR
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The application of high standard en
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The Business Case for Sustainabilit
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The information obtained from these
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conditions are appropriate. In NSW,
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Such richness also brings challenge
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The dunefields of Shelburne Bay had
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Community Engagement in the Early S
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Baseline studies and social impact
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Upon completion of the study, resea
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The scenarios envisaged for the Wat
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2. Reflections on the significance
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Engaging with Indigenous communitie
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Figure 2.9 - A New Township under C
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Geochemical assessment aims to iden
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Regardless of the project phase (ex
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Evaluating Performance: Monitoring
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For these reasons, it is important
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Risk Management and Exploration Exp
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Post-mining & closure Resource deve
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level of family diversity was maint
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Introduction The development and co
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MINE: Mt Todd LOCATION: Near Kather
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Airborne Contaminants, Noise and Vi
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Biodiversity Management During Deve
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Rather than taking a generic approa
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Step 2: Working in collaboration On
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course was designed to train and pr
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Adjustments for changes in the mine
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indicators of high importance durin
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Operating major mining projects pre
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the earliest stage of development,
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Watercourse diversions In order to
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Figure 3.7 - Morwell River after di
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tailings disposal techniques contin
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Figure 4.2 - Predicted blast overpr
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Responsible management of biodivers
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Leading practice management of wate
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MINE: Pierina Mine LOCATION: Distri
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Weipa - a sustainable approach to t
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Adopting the International Cyanide
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Box 1: Major recent incidents invol
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MINE: Chatree gold mine LOCATION: P
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The audit outcomes also highlight t
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Mercury for gold recovery in small/
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Figure 4.9 - Geological control to
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highest rating group for the whole
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Figure 4.13 - Beverley uranium mine
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from 2.5 - 3.0 tonnes/man-shift to
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Figure 4.17 - Sunrise Dam TSF Taili
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Dry stacking bauxite residue is now
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Once the water is used underground
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The Rio Tinto “Excellence in Wate
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Background Image: Sourced from GOOG
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Company policies and government reg
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5.0 MINE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE
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Closure involves the implementation
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Page 148 and 149: e better than the high standard bei
Page 150 and 151: Figure 5.7 - Pasture and shelter tr
Page 152 and 153: The Argyle Diamonds case study (see
Page 154 and 155: support and on site accommodation a
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Page 158 and 159: Figure 5.13 - Misima after rehabili
Page 160 and 161: In January 2011, the PNG government
Page 162 and 163: MINE: Former lignite mines LOCATION
Page 164 and 165: Fig 5.16: Former Minister Stein Coa
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.19 - Rehabilitated mine si
Page 168 and 169: Figure 5.21 - Pit water treatment p
Page 170 and 171: Final Rehabilitation Rehabilitation
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5.23: Aerial view of Area 4
Page 174 and 175: Landform construction In general, e
Page 176 and 177: The Hsin-Chen Shan quarry terrain i
Page 178 and 179: Figure 5.29 - Spreading topsoil at
Page 180 and 181: Risk Management Risk at closure and
Page 182 and 183: During the 1980s and 1990s, a numbe
Page 184 and 185: An example of direct vegetation is
Page 186: Water Management Central to a mine
Page 189 and 190: Department of Resources, Energy and
Page 192 and 193: GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS Abandoned min
Page 194 and 195: Biodiversity offsets Conservation a
Page 198 and 199: Engagement At its simplest, engagem
Page 200 and 201: High rate thickener A thickener thr
Page 202 and 203: NAPP Net Acid Producing Potential,
Page 204 and 205: Product stewardship This is perhaps
Page 206 and 207: Risk management process The risk ma
Page 208 and 209: Sustainable development Sustainable
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A guide to leading practice sustainable development in mining

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