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jmiceli_la-cumbia-villera-2005

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dialogue are the ways that consumers then use meanings in re<strong>la</strong>tion to the<br />

construction of identity and community.<br />

Several representations of the production of B<strong>la</strong>ck culture conclude that there is an<br />

ongoing identity struggle within the B<strong>la</strong>ck community. This struggle has been<br />

centered on identifying who is “authentic” and who is a “sellout” (see Binder, 1999;<br />

Collins, 1990; Rose, 1994). The purpose of this struggle is to construct a cohesive<br />

identity, which in turn, defines the community. Hip-hop, as Lipsitz (1994a) suggests,<br />

“brings a community into being through performance, and it maps out real and<br />

imagined re<strong>la</strong>tions between people that speak to the realities of disp<strong>la</strong>cement,<br />

disillusion, and despair” (Pág. 36). Exactly how hip-hop culture maps out these real<br />

and imagined re<strong>la</strong>tions between people and the tools used to bring people together is<br />

an important question to explore in the discussion of B<strong>la</strong>ck youth identity, cultural<br />

capital, and hip-hop culture. “ (C<strong>la</strong>y 2003)<br />

La dimensión vivencial y actuada de <strong>la</strong> identidad parece ser, en suma, mucho más<br />

fácil de percibir y c<strong>la</strong>sificar que sus fundamentos mentales y parámetros de<br />

pensamiento que <strong>la</strong> tornan factible.<br />

En este punto del debate nosotros partimos de <strong>la</strong> idea básica de que <strong>la</strong> identidad es a<br />

<strong>la</strong> vez un constructo social y una realidad simbólica personal que tiene asiento en <strong>la</strong><br />

mente de cada persona. Esta idea de identidad contiene dos componentes básicos:<br />

A) La identidad desligada del contexto<br />

B) Las prácticas concretas de los actores que <strong>la</strong> actualizan<br />

Si fuese necesario recordarlo podríamos enfatizar que, una vez más, esta distinción<br />

de Van Dijk se inspira poderosamente en <strong>la</strong> distinción saussuriana entre lengua y<br />

hab<strong>la</strong>. La identidad desligada del contexto sería un corre<strong>la</strong>to de <strong>la</strong> lengua, en tanto<br />

constituye un sistema autónomo respecto de su manifestación empírica. Las prácticas<br />

de los actores, en cambio, remiten al modo en que esta identidad abstracta se p<strong>la</strong>sma<br />

en contextos sociales específicos, involucrando restricciones que no son consideradas<br />

por el<strong>la</strong>.<br />

77

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