TehniÄka termodinamika - Kemijsko-tehnoloÅ¡ki fakultet

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__________________________________Tehnička postrojenja za provedbu kružnih procesa Znamo li samo stanja radne tvari na ulazu u dovod (stanje 1) i na izlazu iz odvoda (stanje 2’’), promjena između ta dva krajnja stanja može se aproksimirati “prividnom” crtom ekspanzije (označena točkasto u p, v – i h, s – dijagramu). Slika 85. Ekspanzija u stapnom stroju s gubicima u dovodu i odvodu radne tvari u h, s – dijagramu Promjene za vrijeme kompresije analogne su promjenama koje se javljaju za vrijeme ekspanzije. Zbog prigušenja u dovodu, kompresija u cilindru započinje od tlaka p1 ′ koji je niži od tlaka p1 što ga radna tvar ima prije ulaska u stroj, vidi dijagram na slici 86. Promjena od stanja 1 s tlakom p 1 do stanja 1’ koje odgovara tlaku p1 ′ , odvija se po krivulji h1 = konst. Nakon toga započinje adijabatska kompresija do stanja 2’ i tlaka p2 ′ koji je veći od tlaka p2 što vlada na kraju odvoda. U odvodu nastaje prigušenje pa radna tvar napušta stroj sa stanjem 2’’ i uz tlak p 2 . Kada ne bi bilo prigušenja u dovodu i odvodu, kompresiju bi predočavala adijabata 1 – 2. Na slici 87. isti je proces prikazan u h, s – dijagramu. 271
TEHNIČKA TERMODINAMIKA__________________________________________ Slika 86. Kompresija u stapnom stroju s gubicima u dovodu i odvodu radne tvari u p, v – dijagramu Slika 87. Kompresija u stapnom stroju s gubicima u dovodu i odvodu radne tvari u h, s – dijagramu 272
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Prof. dr. sc. Nedjeljka Petric Prof
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TehniÄka termodinamika - Kemijsko-tehnoloÅ¡ki fakultet

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