R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf

6.15.9 Reference
Case studies 253
1. Sisias G, Phillips R, Dobson C A, Fagan M J, Langton C M (2002), ‘Algorithms
for accurate rapid prototyping replication of cancellous bone voxel maps’, Rapid
Prototyping Journal, 8 (1), 6–24.
6.16 Research applications case study 2: Producing
physical models from CT scans of ancient
Egyptian mummies
6.16.1 Acknowledgements
This case study is based on a project conducted in collaboration with Dr
John Taylor, Assistant Keeper at the Department of Ancient Egypt &
Sudan. The ‘Jeni’ project was performed on CT data acquired in 1993 by
Clive Baldock, Reg Davies, Ajit Sofat, Stephen Hughes and John Taylor
(British Museum). The CT data was gratefully obtained from Stephen
Hughes via the Internet. The Nespurennub project was conducted on CT
scans acquired at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery,
London. The facial reconstruction work was undertaken by Dr Caroline
Wilkinson at the Unit of Art in Medicine, The University of Manchester.
Figure 6.98 is reproduced from Taylor JH, ‘Mummy: the inside story’,
2004 with the permission of the Trustees of the British Museum and Dr
Caroline Wilkinson, University of Manchester.
6.16.2 Introduction
The development of computed tomography (CT) has allowed archaeologists
to gain access to the internal details of mummies without destroying
the cartonnage cases or disturbing the wrappings and remains. This nondestructive
investigation has proved very successful, and several investigations
have been conducted in this way at various locations in the world,
improving with advances in CT technology (1–5). These scans have given
archaeologists and forensic experts many insights into the condition of the
remains and provided additional evidence relating to Egyptian funerary
practice and the health of the individual. Figure 6.98 shows an axial CT
slice of a mummy.
PDR, the Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan at the British Museum
and the Unit of Art in Medicine at Manchester University have formed a
long-term relationship exploring the non-invasive investigation and reconstruction
of ancient Egyptian mummies. The fi rst of two mummies investigated,
called Tjentmutengebtiu (‘Jeni’ for short), was the subject of X-ray
investigation in the 1960s (6) and subsequent investigation by CT scan more