R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf
R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf
R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf
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Glossary and explanatory notes 283<br />
valgus an abnormal position in which part <strong>of</strong> a limb is<br />
twisted outward away from the midline<br />
varus an abnormal position in which part <strong>of</strong> a limb is<br />
twisted inward toward the midline<br />
<strong>Medical</strong> explanatory notes<br />
Osseointegrated implants and implant<br />
retained prostheses<br />
Osseointegrated implants are titanium screws that are driven into patients’<br />
bones to form rigid and permanent fi xation points for prostheses. <strong>The</strong> screw<br />
is driven into the bone in carefully selected positions during an operation.<br />
<strong>The</strong> screw is then typically left in place under the skin until the bone has<br />
healed and re-grown around the screw. <strong>The</strong> screw is then exposed through<br />
the skin and an abutment added. This abutment then forms the anchor<br />
point for the rigid and strong fi xation <strong>of</strong> prostheses, i.e. implant retained<br />
prostheses. <strong>The</strong>se types <strong>of</strong> implants are extensively used in dental restoration<br />
and increasingly in facial prosthetics.<br />
For more information see:<br />
<strong>The</strong> Osseointegration Book: From Calvarium to Calcaneus<br />
Brånemark P, Chien S, Grondahl H-G, Robinson K<br />
Quintessence Publishing London<br />
2006<br />
ISBN: 0867153474<br />
Hypertrophic scar<br />
A hypertrophic scar is a thick, raised scar resulting from skin injury such<br />
as burns. <strong>The</strong> formation <strong>of</strong> this kind <strong>of</strong> scar is not a part <strong>of</strong> normal wound<br />
healing and develops over time. <strong>The</strong>y are more likely to be a problem in<br />
patients with a genetic tendency to scarring and in deep wounds that require<br />
a long time to heal. In general, they are more likely to form in areas <strong>of</strong> the<br />
body that are subject to signifi cant pressure or movement. Treatment is<br />
typically by applied pressure for long periods.<br />
Distraction osteogenesis<br />
Distraction osteogenesis is a method <strong>of</strong> lengthening bones by cutting<br />
through the bone and then controlling a steady gap between the two sections<br />
<strong>of</strong> bone. If the gap is kept small but constant, the bones attempt to<br />
grow in order to fi ll the gap, as they would when healing from a fracture.<br />
<strong>The</strong> gap is typically maintained by mounting the two parts <strong>of</strong> the bone onto
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