R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf

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Glossary and explanatory notes 281 Kira Japanese manufacturer of object manufacture machines LOM TM Laminated Object Manufacture LS Laser Sintering Maestro obsolete 3D Systems SLA preparation software Magics STL manipulation and RP preparation software (Materialise NV) MCP-HEK German RP machine manufacturer Mimics software for processing medical scan data for RP (Materialise NV) MJM Multi Jet Modelling Objet Israeli manufacturer of RP machines Photo-polymerisable liquid or resin that will solidify (cure) when exposed to certain wavelengths of light PolyJet TM modelling multiple jet printing process used on Objet RP machines QuickCast TM SL build style for sacrifi cial investment casting patterns (3D Systems trademark) reverse engineering to create computer model of an object, by digitizing or scanning it RP rapid prototyping – general term for free form build technologies RP&M rapid prototyping and manufacturing RP&T rapid prototyping and tooling sintering fusing a powder, usually by heat SL Stereolithography SLA ® Stereolithography Apparatus (3D Systems registered trademark) SLC slice format for three-dimensional computer data SLI slice format for three-dimensional computer data SLM TM Selective Laser Melting (MCP-HEK trademark) SLS ® Selective Laser Sintering (3D Systems registered trademark) Solidscape USA based company producing wax deposition type RP machines STL derived from stereolithography – computer fi le format used by most RP technologies TCT time compression techniques (technologies) ThermoJet TM 3D printing type RP machine utilising wax material (3D Systems trademark) UV ultra-violet light
282 Medical modelling vacuum casting method of producing plastic parts from a silicone mould from a master pattern Z-Corp USA based manufacturer of RP machines Medical terms and abbreviations alloplastic artifi cial material artefact something artifi cial, a distortion that does not refl ect normal anatomy or pathology, not usually found in the body, usually used in radiology arthroplasty the surgical repair of a joint, usually joint replacement autologous derived from an organism’s own tissues or DNA benign non-cancerous, treatment or removal is curative collimation the operation of controlling a beam of radiation craniofacial relating to both the face and the head cranioplasty plastic surgery of the skull; a surgical correction of a skull defect Hounsfi eld number normalised value of the calculated X-ray absorption coeffi cient of a pixel in a computed tomogram (after the inventor of CT) in vitro in glass, meaning in the laboratory in vivo in life, meaning within the body malignant said of cancerous tumours, tending to become progressively worse maxillofacial pertaining to the jaws and face, particularly with reference to surgery morphology the confi guration or structure of occlusion the relationship between the upper and lower teeth, the bite osteoporosis reduction in the amount of bone mass, leading to fractures after minimal trauma osteotomy the surgical cutting of a bone pathology the branch of medicine concerned with disease, especially its structure and its functional effects on the body prosthesis an artifi cial substitute for a missing body part, used for functional or cosmetic reasons or both radiography making fi lm records (radiographs) of internal body structures by passage of X-rays tibia bone in the lower leg, the shin bone
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Medical modelling
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Medical modelling The application o
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Contents Preface ix Acknowledgement
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Contents vii 6.10 Rehabilitation ap
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x Preface Therefore, it is hoped th
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1.1 Background 1 Introduction The p
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Introduction 3 Whilst this book is
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Long axis 1.1 The anatomical positi
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Introduction 7 1.3 The major refere
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Medical imaging for rapid prototypi
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2.2.3 Anatomical coverage Medical i
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2.6 X-ray scatter artefact in a CT
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2.9 Close up of noise. Medical imag
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2.12 Smooth data. Medical imaging f
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1 Medical imaging for rapid prototy
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Export data format and media 33 (NE
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3.3 Media Export data format and me
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4.1 Pixel data operations 4 Working
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4.3 Effect of a high threshold. 4.4
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Working with medical scan data 41 4
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Working with medical scan data 45 S
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4.4 Two-dimensional formats Working
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Working with medical scan data 51 I
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4.18 Close up view showing facets.
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5.1 Background to rapid prototyping
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Physical reproduction 61 developing
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Physical reproduction 63 will displ
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Physical reproduction 65 As there i
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Physical reproduction 67 However, t
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Data quality Physical reproduction
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Physical reproduction 71 In some ca
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Physical reproduction 73 Overhangin
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Physical reproduction 75 5.10 SL mo
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Physical reproduction 77 5.12 Selec
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5.13 A Perfactory ® model of a man
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5.15 FDM TM model of the mandible.
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Table 5.3 Advantages and disadvanta
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Physical reproduction 85 In medical
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Table 5.5 Advantages and disadvanta
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5.7 Jetting head technology 5.7.1 P
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5.23 ThermoJet ® model of the mand
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5.24 LOM TM model of the mandible.
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5.26 LOM TM model of a partial face
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6 Case studies The following case s
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IMPLEMENTATION 6.1 Implementation c
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Post model Hospital department Pati
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Case studies 103 When using this so
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Case studies 105 (Mimics). Image ma
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Case studies 107 full co-operation
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Case studies 109 communication and
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• to achieve patient’s agreemen
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6.2.4 Rapid prototyping technologie
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Case studies 115 not be suitable. A
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Case studies 117 scale of the data
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6.7 SL model with signifi cant stai
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Case studies 121 6.9a Smooth surfac
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Case studies 123 slice editing of t
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Case studies 125 6.12 Removal of bo
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Case studies 127 18. Williams R J,
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Case studies 129 and passing throug
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Case studies 131 6.14 The effect of
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Case studies 133 6.18 The block ove
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Case studies 135 create template (3
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6.4.3 Materials and methods Case st
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6.22 Resected bone compared to SLA
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Case studies 141 9. Robinson R P, C
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Case studies 143 multi-plane reform
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Case studies 145 6.25 The custom ti
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Case studies 147 6.28 Plain radiogr
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Case studies 149 reproduction of ex
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Case studies 151 manner. The softwa
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Case studies 153 surface on which t
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6.33 The guide being fi tted to the
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Case studies 157 The more fundament
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Case studies 159 25. Sarment D P, A
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6.37 Stereolithography models. 6.38
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Case studies 163 6.41 Merged pre- a
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REHABILITATION APPLICATIONS 6.8 Reh
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6.8.3 Methods Preliminary trial of
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Case studies 169 prototyping system
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Case studies 171 The aperture for t
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Case studies 173 7. Manners C R (19
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Case studies 175 during the acquisi
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6.46 Smoothing the data (exaggerate
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6.49 Plaster fi lled SL mould. Case
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Case studies 181 diffi cult for hos
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Case studies 183 extremely diffi cu
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Case studies 185 back as shown in F
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6.54 The result of the Boolean subt
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6.56 The SLA model of the plate. Ca
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6.59 SLA implant on SLA model of de
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Case studies 193 In the near future
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Case studies 195 anatomical forms a
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Case studies 197 Establishing the c
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Case studies 199 6.63 The rough (a)
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Case studies 201 The fi nal prosthe
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Case studies 203 grating the techno
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Case studies 205 6.12 Rehabilitatio
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Case studies 207 • Data capture N
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Case studies 209 placement of two i
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Case studies 211 technique that has
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Case studies 213 6.72 The bar locat
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Case studies 215 Stereolithography
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Case studies 217 authors intend to
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Case studies 219 17. Kau C H, Zhuro
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Case studies 221 310, Sainte-Foy, Q
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6.77a The physically surveyed cast.
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Creation of relief Case studies 225
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6.81 Construction curves. Case stud
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6.83 The support structure in 3D Li
Page 244 and 245: Finishing Case studies 231 The cast
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Page 248 and 249: 6.86 The RPD framework designed in
Page 250 and 251: Second experiment Case studies 237
Page 252 and 253: Case studies 239 6.90 Close up view
Page 254 and 255: Table 6.2 Process steps and associa
Page 256 and 257: Case studies 243 9. Budtz-Jorgensen
Page 258 and 259: Case studies 245 micro-computed tom
Page 260 and 261: Case studies 247 supports became av
Page 262 and 263: Case studies 249 However, the probl
Page 264 and 265: 6.96 Model of one of the samples su
Page 266 and 267: 6.15.9 Reference Case studies 253 1
Page 268 and 269: Case studies 255 mummies. Mimics so
Page 270 and 271: Case studies 257 6.101 3D reconstru
Page 272 and 273: Case studies 259 6.103 The stages o
Page 274 and 275: 6.16.5 Conclusions Case studies 261
Page 276 and 277: Case studies 263 the patient’s de
Page 278 and 279: Case studies 265 and sharp radii re
Page 280 and 281: Suitable technologies identifi ed C
Page 282 and 283: Case studies 269 6.107 A close-up p
Page 284 and 285: 6.110 The selected region of facial
Page 286 and 287: Case studies 273 patterns were buil
Page 288 and 289: Case studies 275 7. Cheah C M, Chua
Page 290 and 291: Future developments 277 slices to b
Page 292 and 293: Future developments 279 ments that
Page 296 and 297: Glossary and explanatory notes 283
Page 298 and 299: Further reading on anatomy Last’s
Page 300 and 301: Fundamentals of Facial Prosthetics
Page 302 and 303: Rapid Prototyping and Tooling Resea
Page 304 and 305: Contacts 3D Systems 26081 Avenue Ha
Page 306 and 307: Marcam Engineering GmbH Fahrenheits
Page 308 and 309: 3D Lightyear TM 229, 247, 249-51, 2
Page 310: Removable Partial Denture 219-20, 2
Page 313 and 314: 4.10 A three-dimensional shaded ima
Page 315: 6.41 Merged pre- and post-operative
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