R_Bibb_Medical_Modelling_The_Application_of_Adv.pdf

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3.3 Media Export data format and media 35 In combination with the data format, the output media type is also a part of the whole system. Typically, these are intended for archiving and tend to be high capacity magnetic optical disks (MOD). These are expensive in terms of the disks, hardware and software and are not commonly found in any other fi elds. It is often prohibitively expensive for service providers to purchase the necessary equipment to read every type of output media. Typically, data on these media is sent to specialists who charge for translation of the data into a readable format and media type. For example, Table 3.2 lists different types of storage media that are used in radiology but not commonly used in other fi elds. This contributes considerable cost and lead-time to the process of accessing CT data. However, this problem is rapidly being overcome by advances in computer networks and telecommunications. In addition, there has been widespread adoption of Windows operating systems, PC hardware, compact discs (CD) and digital versatile discs (DVD) as data storage media. With Table 3.2 Media types used for medical scan data CD / DVD PC formatted CDs and DVDs are the preferred media Recordable (CD-ROM) type. Re-writable (CD-RW) They have high capacity; they are secure; they can DVD (R+/−, RW) be read directly by almost any PC; and they are readily available and very cheap. ZIP / JAZ PC formatted ZIP and JAZ disks can be read directly Iomega ZIP or JAZ disk by anyone with the appropriate hardware. These disks are not so readily available and relatively expensive. Floppy disk PC formatted 3.5″ fl oppy disks can be read directly; 3.5″ however, they are of little use due to their limited capacity. They are readily available and cheap. MOD / WORM Still a commonly used medium in radiography Magnetic optical disk departments. MODs can be translated but may Write once read many incur additional charge and delay from a service 5.25″ provider to transfer the data to a more convenient format. MODs are not readily available and are expensive. DAT DAT is now becoming obsolete in data archiving. Digital audio tape However, DAT tapes can be translated but may 4 mm incur an additional charge and delay from a service provider to transfer the data to a more convenient format. Magnetic tape These tapes are no longer in common use and it is unlikely that any service provider will offer a translation service.
36 Medical modelling teleradiology increasing, many hospitals can now put medical image data onto the hospital local area network. This enables clinicians to remotely access medical image data in their own departments rather than relying on a limited number of fi lms printed in the Radiography Department. Once the data is available over the hospital network it can be burned on convenient and cheap storage media such as CDs. When dealing with point cloud data, media formats are normally those typically used in the design and engineering community and translation does not pose the problems associated with radiological data.
Page 2 and 3: Medical modelling
Page 4 and 5: Medical modelling The application o
Page 6 and 7: Contents Preface ix Acknowledgement
Page 8: Contents vii 6.10 Rehabilitation ap
Page 11 and 12: x Preface Therefore, it is hoped th
Page 14 and 15: 1.1 Background 1 Introduction The p
Page 16 and 17: Introduction 3 Whilst this book is
Page 18 and 19: Long axis 1.1 The anatomical positi
Page 20 and 21: Introduction 7 1.3 The major refere
Page 22 and 23: Medical imaging for rapid prototypi
Page 26 and 27: 2.2.3 Anatomical coverage Medical i
Page 30 and 31: 2.6 X-ray scatter artefact in a CT
Page 32 and 33: 2.9 Close up of noise. Medical imag
Page 34 and 35: 2.12 Smooth data. Medical imaging f
Page 40 and 41: 1 Medical imaging for rapid prototy
Page 46 and 47: Export data format and media 33 (NE
Page 50 and 51: 4.1 Pixel data operations 4 Working
Page 52 and 53: 4.3 Effect of a high threshold. 4.4
Page 54 and 55: Working with medical scan data 41 4
Page 58 and 59: Working with medical scan data 45 S
Page 60 and 61: 4.4 Two-dimensional formats Working
Page 64 and 65: Working with medical scan data 51 I
Page 66 and 67: 4.18 Close up view showing facets.
Page 72 and 73: 5.1 Background to rapid prototyping
Page 74 and 75: Physical reproduction 61 developing
Page 76 and 77: Physical reproduction 63 will displ
Page 78 and 79: Physical reproduction 65 As there i
Page 80 and 81: Physical reproduction 67 However, t
Page 82 and 83: Data quality Physical reproduction
Page 84 and 85: Physical reproduction 71 In some ca
Page 86 and 87: Physical reproduction 73 Overhangin
Page 88 and 89: Physical reproduction 75 5.10 SL mo
Page 90 and 91: Physical reproduction 77 5.12 Selec
Page 92 and 93: 5.13 A Perfactory ® model of a man
Page 94 and 95: 5.15 FDM TM model of the mandible.
Page 96 and 97: Table 5.3 Advantages and disadvanta
Page 98 and 99:
Physical reproduction 85 In medical
Page 100 and 101:
Table 5.5 Advantages and disadvanta
Page 102 and 103:
5.7 Jetting head technology 5.7.1 P
Page 104 and 105:
5.23 ThermoJet ® model of the mand
Page 106 and 107:
5.24 LOM TM model of the mandible.
Page 108 and 109:
5.26 LOM TM model of a partial face
Page 110 and 111:
6 Case studies The following case s
Page 112 and 113:
IMPLEMENTATION 6.1 Implementation c
Page 114 and 115:
Post model Hospital department Pati
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Case studies 103 When using this so
Page 118 and 119:
Case studies 105 (Mimics). Image ma
Page 120 and 121:
Case studies 107 full co-operation
Page 122 and 123:
Case studies 109 communication and
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• to achieve patient’s agreemen
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6.2.4 Rapid prototyping technologie
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Case studies 115 not be suitable. A
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Case studies 117 scale of the data
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6.7 SL model with signifi cant stai
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Case studies 121 6.9a Smooth surfac
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Case studies 123 slice editing of t
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Case studies 125 6.12 Removal of bo
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Case studies 127 18. Williams R J,
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Case studies 129 and passing throug
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Case studies 131 6.14 The effect of
Page 146 and 147:
Case studies 133 6.18 The block ove
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Case studies 135 create template (3
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6.4.3 Materials and methods Case st
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6.22 Resected bone compared to SLA
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Case studies 141 9. Robinson R P, C
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Case studies 143 multi-plane reform
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Case studies 145 6.25 The custom ti
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Case studies 147 6.28 Plain radiogr
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Case studies 149 reproduction of ex
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Case studies 151 manner. The softwa
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Case studies 153 surface on which t
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6.33 The guide being fi tted to the
Page 170 and 171:
Case studies 157 The more fundament
Page 172 and 173:
Case studies 159 25. Sarment D P, A
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6.37 Stereolithography models. 6.38
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Case studies 163 6.41 Merged pre- a
Page 178 and 179:
REHABILITATION APPLICATIONS 6.8 Reh
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6.8.3 Methods Preliminary trial of
Page 182 and 183:
Case studies 169 prototyping system
Page 184 and 185:
Case studies 171 The aperture for t
Page 186 and 187:
Case studies 173 7. Manners C R (19
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Case studies 175 during the acquisi
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6.46 Smoothing the data (exaggerate
Page 192 and 193:
6.49 Plaster fi lled SL mould. Case
Page 194 and 195:
Case studies 181 diffi cult for hos
Page 196 and 197:
Case studies 183 extremely diffi cu
Page 198 and 199:
Case studies 185 back as shown in F
Page 200 and 201:
6.54 The result of the Boolean subt
Page 202 and 203:
6.56 The SLA model of the plate. Ca
Page 204 and 205:
6.59 SLA implant on SLA model of de
Page 206 and 207:
Case studies 193 In the near future
Page 208 and 209:
Case studies 195 anatomical forms a
Page 210 and 211:
Case studies 197 Establishing the c
Page 212 and 213:
Case studies 199 6.63 The rough (a)
Page 214 and 215:
Case studies 201 The fi nal prosthe
Page 216 and 217:
Case studies 203 grating the techno
Page 218 and 219:
Case studies 205 6.12 Rehabilitatio
Page 220 and 221:
Case studies 207 • Data capture N
Page 222 and 223:
Case studies 209 placement of two i
Page 224 and 225:
Case studies 211 technique that has
Page 226 and 227:
Case studies 213 6.72 The bar locat
Page 228 and 229:
Case studies 215 Stereolithography
Page 230 and 231:
Case studies 217 authors intend to
Page 232 and 233:
Case studies 219 17. Kau C H, Zhuro
Page 234 and 235:
Case studies 221 310, Sainte-Foy, Q
Page 236 and 237:
6.77a The physically surveyed cast.
Page 238 and 239:
Creation of relief Case studies 225
Page 240 and 241:
6.81 Construction curves. Case stud
Page 242 and 243:
6.83 The support structure in 3D Li
Page 244 and 245:
Finishing Case studies 231 The cast
Page 246 and 247:
Case studies 233 6.14 Rehabilitatio
Page 248 and 249:
6.86 The RPD framework designed in
Page 250 and 251:
Second experiment Case studies 237
Page 252 and 253:
Case studies 239 6.90 Close up view
Page 254 and 255:
Table 6.2 Process steps and associa
Page 256 and 257:
Case studies 243 9. Budtz-Jorgensen
Page 258 and 259:
Case studies 245 micro-computed tom
Page 260 and 261:
Case studies 247 supports became av
Page 262 and 263:
Case studies 249 However, the probl
Page 264 and 265:
6.96 Model of one of the samples su
Page 266 and 267:
6.15.9 Reference Case studies 253 1
Page 268 and 269:
Case studies 255 mummies. Mimics so
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Case studies 257 6.101 3D reconstru
Page 272 and 273:
Case studies 259 6.103 The stages o
Page 274 and 275:
6.16.5 Conclusions Case studies 261
Page 276 and 277:
Case studies 263 the patient’s de
Page 278 and 279:
Case studies 265 and sharp radii re
Page 280 and 281:
Suitable technologies identifi ed C
Page 282 and 283:
Case studies 269 6.107 A close-up p
Page 284 and 285:
6.110 The selected region of facial
Page 286 and 287:
Case studies 273 patterns were buil
Page 288 and 289:
Case studies 275 7. Cheah C M, Chua
Page 290 and 291:
Future developments 277 slices to b
Page 292 and 293:
Future developments 279 ments that
Page 294 and 295:
Glossary and explanatory notes 281
Page 296 and 297:
Glossary and explanatory notes 283
Page 298 and 299:
Further reading on anatomy Last’s
Page 300 and 301:
Fundamentals of Facial Prosthetics
Page 302 and 303:
Rapid Prototyping and Tooling Resea
Page 304 and 305:
Contacts 3D Systems 26081 Avenue Ha
Page 306 and 307:
Marcam Engineering GmbH Fahrenheits
Page 308 and 309:
3D Lightyear TM 229, 247, 249-51, 2
Page 310:
Removable Partial Denture 219-20, 2
Page 313 and 314:
4.10 A three-dimensional shaded ima
Page 315:
6.41 Merged pre- and post-operative
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