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COAL uuc stomace TANKS SOURCE: HATTELD FIGURE 2 IN SITU STABILIZATION SYSTEM SCHEMATIC TAIATMCNT TAAMSFIA TANK Along the west side of the site, parallel to the river, an in situ wall was constructed using an extra-rich soil/cement mixture. This extra-rich 4-46 ACTTVATII) CAAIOM OUST TREATMENT CXMAUST COUCCTOM TANKS FAK UNSOUDtriEO SLUOCE mixture provided an added barrier to groundwater flow. #### THE SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUARY 1995
STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS COMMERCIAL AND R&D PROJECTS (Underline denotes changes since June 1994) ADVANCED COAL CONVERSION PROCESS DEMONSTRATION - United States Department of Energy (C-5) Rosebud SynCoal Partnership, Western Energy Company, The United States Department of Energy (DOE) signed an agreement with Western Energy Company for funding as a re placement project in Round 1 of the Department's Clean Coal Technology Program. DOE will fund half of the $69 million project and the partners will provide the other half of the funding. Western Energy Company has entered a partnership with Scoria Inc., a subsidiary of NRG, Northern States Powers' nonutility group. The new entity, Rosebud SynCoal Partnership will be the project owner. Western Energy Company has retained a contract to build and operate the facility. The Svncoal process is a novel coal cleaning and upgrading process to improve the heating value and reduce the sulfur content of western coals. Typical western coals may contain moisture as much as 25 to 35 percent of their weight. The high moisture and mineral content of the coals reduces their heating value to less than 9,000 BTU per pound. The Svncoal process would upgrade the coals, reducing their moisture content to as low as 1 percent and produce a heating value of up to 12,000 BTU per pound. The process also reduces sulfur content of the coals, which can be as high as 1.5 percent, to as low as 0A percent. The project will be conducted at a 50 ton per hour unit adjacent to a Western Energy subbituminous coal mine in Colstrip, Montana. "turnover" Construction of the ACCP demonstration facility is complete and initial of equipment started in December 1991. The DOE agreement calls for a 3-year operation demonstrating the ability to produce a clean, high quality, upgraded product and testing the product in utility and industrial applications. Initial startup was achieved in early 1992; however, due to mechanical problems, reliable operation was not achieved until August 1993. The plant produces 1,000 tons per day, or 300,000 tons per year of upgraded solid fuel at full production. Rosebud SynCoal Partnership successfully worked with Montana Power Company's Corette plant to conduct 7 months of tests using a SynCoal/raw coal blend. Several industrial facilities are currently using SynCoal. Based on the successful demonstration, Rosebud SvnCoal hopes to build a privately financed commercial-scale plant process ing 1 to 3 million tons of coal per year by 1997. In late December 1993, Minnkota Power Cooperative signed a letter of intent with Rosebud SynCoal Partnership for a $2 million study to examine the merits of scaling up the tatter's technology to an $80 million commercial plant. The SynCoal plant would be sited next to Minnkota's Milton R. Young power station near Center, North Dakota, northwest of Bismarck. The engineering and design was study completed in mid-1994. The proposed project is technically feasible; however, the markets and project financing are still pending. Project Cost: $69 million -- ADVANCED POWER GENERATION SYSTEM British Coal Corporation, United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry, European Commission, PowerGen, GEC/Alsthom (C-15) A consortium involving British Coal Corporation, United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry, European Commission, PowerGen, and GEC/Alsthom is carrying out a research program to develop an advanced coal fired power generation system, known as the Air Blown Gasification Cycle. In this system coal is gasified in a spouted bed gasifier to produce a fuel gas which is used to drive a gas turbine. The waste heat recovery from the gas turbine is then integrated with a circulating fluidized bed char combustor. The integrated system is expected to have an efficiency of about 48 percent. A 12 tonne per day, air blown, pressurized, spouted bed gasifier developed at the Coal Research Establishment (CRE). Gloucestershire, started operating in 1990. This provides gas to a hot gas cleaning plant and a gas turbine combustor. The Grimethorpe experimental pressurized fluidized bed combustion (PFBC) facility was used to investigate lifetime issues in gas turbine operations. The program at Grimethorpe was successfully concluded in 1993, and the site closed that year. Work is continuing at Coal Technology Development Division (CTDD'). formerly part of CRE, on the operation of the gasifier supplying gas to downstream components. The research program is funded by the United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry, and the European Community. 4-47 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT. JANUARY 1995
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OIL SHALE COAL OIL SANDS NATURAL GA
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THE SINOR SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT is
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INTERNATIONAL Oil Shale to Play Rol
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project AcnvrriES Shell MDS Product
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Amoco Primrose Lake Project Gets Gr
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Construction Begins on TECO's Polk
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GENERAL be even more cost-effective
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GENERAL assumed to occur, the suppl
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GENERAL nfflcant implications for a
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GENERAL needs in the next century.
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GENERAL IGT oxygen-blown system bas
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GENERAL VERMONT BIOMASS GASIFIER WI
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GENERAL 50 megawatts; 2) basing the
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GENERAL in the amount of nitrogen i
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COMING EVENTS JUNE 19-21 , CALGARY,
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OIL SHALE A December 1994 stock ana
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OIL SHALE FIGURE 2 HRS PILOT PLANT
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OIL SHALE 200 g 150 v a i a 100 10
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OIL SHALE the company. Earlier in 1
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OIL SHALE TABLE 1 ECONOMICS OF A 10
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OIL SHALE 3.8-centimeter diameter f
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OIL SHALE TABLE 1 ADSORPTION (MOL%)
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OIL SHALE UJ oc o CD 2 > CC tu > o
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OIL SHALE TABLE 1 OIL SHALE RF HEAT
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OIL SHALE , FIGURE 1 MAP OF MAIN OI
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OIL SHALE Timahdit TABLE 1 RESERVE
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OIL SHALE 2-24 THE SYNTHETIC FUELS
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STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS (Under
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STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS COMPLE
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STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS INDEX
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OIL SANDS The company said the larg
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OIL SANDS 12.0 million m3/yr level
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OIL SANDS TABLE 1 ACTUAL AND PREDIC
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0/L SANDS phalt Ridge, near Vernal,
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OIL SANDS ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS
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OIL SANDS Reservoir/ Bitumen Proper
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OIL SANDS proved environmental miti
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OIL SANDS timized combination of th
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OIL SANDS Chakrabarty and Longo pre
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OIL SANDS Contents, Wt% of Tar Sand
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OIL SANDS results In increased poll
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OIL SANDS West Newport, USA at 33 y
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OIL SANDS was shown that the volume
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OIL SANDS FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF THE
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OIL SANDS As compared to SI, ISC re
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OIL SANDS 3-32 THE SYNTHETIC FUELS
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STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS (Under
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STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS COMPLE
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Page 132 and 133: STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS INDEX
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Page 136 and 137: COAL Removing that moisture is the
Page 138 and 139: COAL - NOx production: lower than 7
Page 140 and 141: COAL lav eotl ii - l! FIGURE 1 NEDO
Page 142 and 143: COAL Another one-third of the site
Page 144 and 145: COAL v.v C SOURCE: DOE Solid Waste
Page 146 and 147: COAL Re* Cetl In Flrod Heater Exeha
Page 148 and 149: COAL Proximate Analysis SYNCOAL QUA
Page 150 and 151: COAL CORPORATIONS SASOL MADE MAJOR
Page 152 and 153: COAL Unlike traditional ethylene ol
Page 154 and 155: COAL SOURCE: IGT IGT is actively pa
Page 156 and 157: COAL ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS CHIN
Page 158 and 159: COAL utilities are prepared to inst
Page 160 and 161: COAL be maintained on a sustainable
Page 162 and 163: COAL associated techno-economic stu
Page 164 and 165: COAL centrate has the highest solub
Page 166 and 167: COAL producing 250 million standard
Page 168 and 169: COAL a final feasibility study into
Page 170 and 171: COAL Process Description In the HYC
Page 172 and 173: COAL tribute to the economical util
Page 174 and 175: COAL selected power generation, C02
Page 176 and 177: COAL Some similar solvents are alre
Page 178 and 179: COAL Cofiring MGP Wastes In Utility
Page 182 and 183: STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS (Underline
Page 214 and 215: Project Sponsors COMPLETED AND SUSP
Page 216 and 217: STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS COMPLETED A
Page 228 and 229: STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS INDEX OF CO
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STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS INDEX OF CO
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4-98 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUAR
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NATURAL GAS regulations of the Cali
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NATURAL GAS The South African Parli
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NATURAL GAS The BNL process employs
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NATURAL GAS produce the radicals In
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NATURAL GAS 5-10 THE SYNTHETIC FUEL
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STATUS OF NATURAL GAS PROJECTS (Und
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5-14 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUAR
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