Ikelic - Alliance Digital Repository

More documents

Recommendations

Info

GENERAL 50 megawatts; 2) basing the design on an in dustrial gas turbine system; 3) using a dual pres sure steam cycle; 4) using steam generator ex haust gas for chip drying. Overall power produc tion performance of the system is summarized in Table 1. Based on the flowsheet shown in Figure 2 (next page), gasifier designs were developed for the gasifier system and the gas/steam turbine sys tem. Total installed equipment costs on a dollars per installed kilowatt basis, were calculated to be less than projections for a new central power station. These costs are shown in Table 2 (next page). The total calculated cost of electricity is $0.0563 per kilowatt-hour for a capital charge rate of 20 percent, which is equivalent to a 10 percent return on investment. McNeil Station Project Participants Key participants in the project are Future Energy Resources, Battelle's licensee for the gasification technology; the McNeil joint owners, Burlington Electric Department, Central Vermont Public Serv ice Corporation, Green Mountain Power, and the Vermont Public Power Supply Authority; Zurn TABLE 1 WOOD GASIFICATION PLANT PERFORMANCE Power Summarv MW Gas Turbine 38.0 Steam Turbine High Pressure 22.8 Low Pressure Total Gross Total Net Gross Plant Efficiency (%) 2.1 62.9 56.0 36.4 1-14 NEPCO, the architectural and engineering firm; Battelle; and the United States Department of Energy. Additionally, who will be evaluating the technology other program participants and inves tigating future applications are: Weyerhaeuser, Sauder Woodworking, Centerior Energy, the State of Iowa, New York State ERDA, General Electric, the United States Environmental Protec tion Agency, and others. Zurn will have exclusive rights to engineering, procurement and construction for the technology in North America for 10 years. #### ENVIRONMENT CARBON DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT NOT ALWAYS BENEFICIAL TO PLANTS The United States Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has reported on a 2-year experimental program that studied carbon-dioxide enrichment in cotton plants. The program was conducted using a BNL-developed system that exposes plants to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide under natural conditions. The system is called FACE, for Free-Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment. It is designed to assess the biological consequences of global change. Results of the experimental program, which was carried out in Maricopa, Arizona, from 1989 to 1991, were recently published in a special edition of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. Among the findings, according to BNL, is that the more carbon dioxide a plant gets, the more it is able to tolerate drought and to use water effi ciently. But that does not necessarily mean that carbon-dioxide enrichment is all good. Experi ments with wheat show that food or animal fod der grown under higher carbon-dioxide condi tions may be of lower quality, due to a decrease THE SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUARY 1995
GENERAL Wood Handling Wood Drying SOURCE: PAISLEY AND OVEREND FIGURE 2 WOOD GASIFICATION COGENERATION SYSTEM Product Gas Air _L Air Heater Heat Rue Recovery Gas m Combustor l I Recycle Product Gas Rue Gas TABLE 2 Scrubber **-^ - Co CAPTIAL COST SUMMARY Cost ComDonents Cost $x1 06 Gasifier System 16.8 Gas/Steam Turbine System 61 .5 Total 78.3 1-15 hQ Super Heated Steam Power Product < Compression ^^J Steam Condensing Turbine Steam islngf Heat Recovery Gas Combustion Turbine ^**w Power Cost$/kW 267 978 1,245 Boiler Feed Water THE SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUARY 1995
Page 1: OIL SHALE COAL OIL SANDS NATURAL GA
Page 4 and 5: THE SINOR SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT is
Page 6 and 7: INTERNATIONAL Oil Shale to Play Rol
Page 8 and 9: project AcnvrriES Shell MDS Product
Page 10 and 11: Amoco Primrose Lake Project Gets Gr
Page 12 and 13: Construction Begins on TECO's Polk
Page 14 and 15: GENERAL be even more cost-effective
Page 16 and 17: GENERAL assumed to occur, the suppl
Page 18 and 19: GENERAL nfflcant implications for a
Page 20 and 21: GENERAL needs in the next century.
Page 22 and 23: GENERAL IGT oxygen-blown system bas
Page 24 and 25: GENERAL VERMONT BIOMASS GASIFIER WI
Page 28 and 29: GENERAL in the amount of nitrogen i
Page 30 and 31: COMING EVENTS JUNE 19-21 , CALGARY,
Page 32 and 33: OIL SHALE A December 1994 stock ana
Page 34 and 35: OIL SHALE FIGURE 2 HRS PILOT PLANT
Page 36 and 37: OIL SHALE 200 g 150 v a i a 100 10
Page 38 and 39: OIL SHALE the company. Earlier in 1
Page 40 and 41: OIL SHALE TABLE 1 ECONOMICS OF A 10
Page 42 and 43: OIL SHALE 3.8-centimeter diameter f
Page 44 and 45: OIL SHALE TABLE 1 ADSORPTION (MOL%)
Page 46 and 47: OIL SHALE UJ oc o CD 2 > CC tu > o
Page 48 and 49: OIL SHALE TABLE 1 OIL SHALE RF HEAT
Page 50 and 51: OIL SHALE , FIGURE 1 MAP OF MAIN OI
Page 52 and 53: OIL SHALE Timahdit TABLE 1 RESERVE
Page 54 and 55: OIL SHALE 2-24 THE SYNTHETIC FUELS
Page 56 and 57: STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS (Under
Page 70 and 71: STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS COMPLE
Page 72 and 73: STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS INDEX
Page 74 and 75: OIL SANDS The company said the larg
Page 76 and 77:
OIL SANDS 12.0 million m3/yr level
Page 78 and 79:
OIL SANDS TABLE 1 ACTUAL AND PREDIC
Page 80 and 81:
0/L SANDS phalt Ridge, near Vernal,
Page 82 and 83:
OIL SANDS ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS
Page 84 and 85:
OIL SANDS Reservoir/ Bitumen Proper
Page 86 and 87:
OIL SANDS proved environmental miti
Page 88 and 89:
OIL SANDS timized combination of th
Page 90 and 91:
OIL SANDS Chakrabarty and Longo pre
Page 92 and 93:
OIL SANDS Contents, Wt% of Tar Sand
Page 94 and 95:
OIL SANDS results In increased poll
Page 96 and 97:
OIL SANDS West Newport, USA at 33 y
Page 98 and 99:
OIL SANDS was shown that the volume
Page 100 and 101:
OIL SANDS FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF THE
Page 102 and 103:
OIL SANDS As compared to SI, ISC re
Page 104 and 105:
OIL SANDS 3-32 THE SYNTHETIC FUELS
Page 106 and 107:
STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS (Under
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS COMPLE
Page 130 and 131:
STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS COMPLE
Page 132 and 133:
STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS INDEX
Page 134 and 135:
3-62 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUAR
Page 136 and 137:
COAL Removing that moisture is the
Page 138 and 139:
COAL - NOx production: lower than 7
Page 140 and 141:
COAL lav eotl ii - l! FIGURE 1 NEDO
Page 142 and 143:
COAL Another one-third of the site
Page 144 and 145:
COAL v.v C SOURCE: DOE Solid Waste
Page 146 and 147:
COAL Re* Cetl In Flrod Heater Exeha
Page 148 and 149:
COAL Proximate Analysis SYNCOAL QUA
Page 150 and 151:
COAL CORPORATIONS SASOL MADE MAJOR
Page 152 and 153:
COAL Unlike traditional ethylene ol
Page 154 and 155:
COAL SOURCE: IGT IGT is actively pa
Page 156 and 157:
COAL ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS CHIN
Page 158 and 159:
COAL utilities are prepared to inst
Page 160 and 161:
COAL be maintained on a sustainable
Page 162 and 163:
COAL associated techno-economic stu
Page 164 and 165:
COAL centrate has the highest solub
Page 166 and 167:
COAL producing 250 million standard
Page 168 and 169:
COAL a final feasibility study into
Page 170 and 171:
COAL Process Description In the HYC
Page 172 and 173:
COAL tribute to the economical util
Page 174 and 175:
COAL selected power generation, C02
Page 176 and 177:
COAL Some similar solvents are alre
Page 178 and 179:
COAL Cofiring MGP Wastes In Utility
Page 180 and 181:
COAL uuc stomace TANKS SOURCE: HATT
Page 182 and 183:
STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS (Underline
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Project Sponsors COMPLETED AND SUSP
Page 216 and 217:
STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS COMPLETED A
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS INDEX OF CO
Page 230 and 231:
STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS INDEX OF CO
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
NATURAL GAS regulations of the Cali
Page 236 and 237:
NATURAL GAS The South African Parli
Page 238 and 239:
NATURAL GAS The BNL process employs
Page 240 and 241:
NATURAL GAS produce the radicals In
Page 242 and 243:
NATURAL GAS 5-10 THE SYNTHETIC FUEL
Page 244 and 245:
STATUS OF NATURAL GAS PROJECTS (Und
Page 246:
show all

Ikelic - Alliance Digital Repository

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?