Ikelic - Alliance Digital Repository

OIL SHALE
TABLE 1
OIL SHALE RF HEATING FORECASTS
(Without Standing Waves and Current Decay)
Time Cum Oil Recovery Cum Water Cum Gas Fluid Cum Elec.
(Years) (kbbis) f%OOIP> (kt?bl?) (Mscf) Temo. rF) (kW-hr)
1 0.15 0.06 12.35 0.17 112 7.20E+06
2 1.40 0.55 24.79 1.68 151 1.44E + 07
3 14.44 5.66 26.01 17.32 204 2.16E + 07
4 45.22 17.72 28.87 54.27 267 2.88E + 07
5 75.92 29.75 31.72 91.11 336 3.60E + 07
6 107.46 42.11 34.66 128.86 409 4.21E + 07
7 131.73 51.62 36.92 158.08 466 4.32E + 07
8 150.31 58.90 38.64 180.38 506 4.32E + 07
9 163.99 64.26 39.92 196.79 533 4.32E + 07
10 171.49 67.20 40.61 205.79 550 4.32E + 07
11 176.57 69.19 41.09 211.89 561 4.32E + 07
12 179.89 70.49 41.39 215.87 568 4.32E + 07
13 181.98 71.31 41.59 218.38 571 4.32E + 07
14 183.90 72.06 41.77 220.68 573 4.32E + 07
15 185.63 72.74 41.93 222.76 575 4.32E + 07
16 187.21 73.36 42.07 224.66 575 4.32E + 07
17 188.64 73.92 42.21 226.37 575 4.32E + 07
18 189.95 74.43 42.33 227.93 575 4.32E + 07
19 191.12 74.89 42.44 229.34 574 4.32E + 07
20 191.12 74.89 42.44 229.34 574 4.32E + 07
is additionally contacted with a strong inorganic
acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the pretreat
ment.
In the preferred embodiment, the reaction water
and organic acid leachate is reacted with sulfuric
acid and distilled to produce a liquid containing
the corresponding organic acid which may be
recycled to contact fresh oil shale.
Carbon dioxide liberated during the organic acid
pretreatment can be reduced to carbon
monoxide which can be absorbed into a
hydroxide solution and subsequently distilled
2-18
with sulfuric acid to produce formic acid for use
in the pretreatment process.
Oil shale subjected to the pretreatment process
of this invention has reduced mineral carbonates
content, increased porosity and increased sur
face area providing increased permeability and
potential reaction surface area for further reac
tion. The process requires little energy, thermal
or mechanical, and is claimed to be economical
because the principal treating agent, an organic
acid such as formic acid or acetic acid, can be
readily and efficiently
recovered for recycle.
THE SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JANUARY 1995