Transportation energy data book: edition 23 - Oak Ridge National ...

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TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22—2002 Table 10.1 Gasoline Prices for Selected Countries, 1978–2002 Current dollars per gallon Average annual percentage change 1978a 1982a 1986a 1990b 1994b 1996b 2000b 2002b 1978–2002 1990–2002 China c c c c c 0.93 1.21 c c c India c c c 1.92 2.28 2.25 c c c c Japan 2.00 2.60 2.79 3.05 4.14 3.77 3.65 2.94 1.6% -0.3% France 2.15 2.56 2.58 3.40 3.31 4.41 4.01 3.31 1.8% -0.2% United Kingdom 1.22 2.42 2.07 2.55 2.86 3.47 5.13 4.16 5.2% 4.2% Germany 1.75 2.17 1.88 2.72 3.34 4.32 3.78 3.49 2.9% 2.1% Canada 0.69 1.37 1.31 1.92 1.57 1.80 2.04 1.73 3.9% -0.9% United States d 0.66 1.32 0.93 1.04 1.24 1.28 1.47 1.29 2.8% 1.8% Constant 2002 dollars e per gallon Average annual percentage change 1978 a 1982 a 1986 a 1990 b 1994 b 1996 b 2000 b 2002 b 1978–2002 1990–2002 China c c c c c 1.07 1.26 c c c India c c c 2.64 2.77 2.58 c c c c Japan 5.52 4.85 4.58 4.20 5.03 4.32 3.81 2.94 -2.6% -2.9% France 5.93 4.77 4.23 4.68 4.02 5.06 4.19 3.31 -2.4% -2.8% United Kingdom 3.37 4.51 3.40 3.51 3.47 3.98 5.36 4.16 0.9% 1.4% Germany 4.83 4.05 3.09 3.74 4.05 4.95 3.95 3.49 -1.3% -0.6% Canada 1.90 2.55 2.15 2.64 1.91 2.06 2.13 1.73 -0.4% -3.5% United States d 1.82 2.46 1.53 1.43 1.51 1.47 1.54 1.29 -1.4% -0.9% Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual 2001, Washington, DC, March 2003, Table 7.2 and annual. (Additional resources: ww.eia.doe.gov) Note: Comparisons between prices and price trends in different countries require care. They are of limited validity because of fluctuations in exchange rates; differences in product quality, marketing practices, and market structures; and the extent to which the standard categories of sales are representative of total national sales for a given period. a Prices represent the retail prices (including taxes) for premium leaded gasoline. Prices are representative for each country based on quarterly data averaged for the year. b Regular gasoline. c Data are not available. d These estimates are for international comparisons only and do not necessarily correspond to gasoline price estimates in other sections of the book. e Adjusted by the U.S. Consumer Price Inflation Index. 10–2
In 2002 more than seventy percent of the cost of gasoline in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom went for taxes. Of the listed countries, the U.S. has the lowest percentage of taxes. Figure 10.1. Gasoline Prices for Selected Countries, 1990 and 2002 Source: Table 10.1 and International Energy Agency, Energy Prices and Taxes, Fourth Quarter 2002, Paris, France, 2003. (Additional resources: www.iea.org) TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 23—2003 10–3
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Center for Transportation Analysis
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Users of the Transportation Energy
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vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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x TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Tab
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xii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
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xiv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
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xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
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xviii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BO
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xx TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK:
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xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
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xxiv TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
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1-2 Although the world has consumed
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1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
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1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
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1-8 Total OECD government-owned pet
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1-10 The share of petroleum importe
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1-12 Estimates of military expendit
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TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
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1-16 Most of the petroleum imported
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1-18 Millions of Barrels per Day Th
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1-20 Pipelines accounted for two-th
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2-2 Petroleum accounted for 40% of
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2-4 The Energy Information Administ
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2-6 As data about alternative fuel
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2-8 The highway sector is by far th
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2-10 The use of diesel for off-high
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2-12 Nearly all of the fuel ethanol
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2-14 Great care should be taken whe
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2-16 Figure 2.2. Energy Intensities
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Page 64 and 65:
2-20 Nearly all of the fuel ethanol
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2-24 Figure 2.2. Energy Intensities
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Page 72 and 73:
Source Chapter 3 All Highway Vehicl
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Page 78 and 79:
The data on automobile and light tr
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The average age of automobiles was
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Using current registration data and
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Page 90 and 91:
Chapter 4 Light Vehicles and Charac
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The Federal Highway Administration
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Over one-quarter of autos sold in 2
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The sales-weighted fuel economy of
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Back in 1976 only 20% of new light
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The compact, midsize, and large aut
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The large car size class is the onl
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The sales-weighted wheelbase of new
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The number of franchised dealership
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The Corporate Average Fuel Economy
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Manufacturers of autos and light tr
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Consumers continue to demand gas gu
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Vehicle Table 4.23 Vehicle Specific
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Source: See Table 4.23. Figure 4.2.
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The Environmental Protection Agency
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The US06 driving cycle was develope
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When comparing data between countri
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In 2001, the fatality rate for vehi
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For fatal crashes in 2001, sport-ut
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Source Chapter 5 Heavy Vehicles and
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Combination trucks include all truc
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Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Th
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As expected, most light trucks trav
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In 1997 nearly 60% of all truck fle
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Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
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Industries covered by the 1997 Comm
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There are currently not many source
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6-2 Alternative Fuels The U.S. Depa
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6-4 Nearly 90% of private alternati
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6-6 This list includes public and p
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6-8 The Honda Insight, Civic Hybrid
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6-10 The relative efficiencies of s
Page 154 and 155: 6-12 In 1999 (the latest year for w
Page 156 and 157: 6-14 Table 6.10 Properties of Conve
Page 158 and 159: Source Chapter 7 Fleet Vehicles and
Page 160 and 161: According to these estimates of lig
Page 162 and 163: These data, which apply to domestic
Page 164 and 165: Table 7.6 Federal Fleet Vehicle Acq
Page 166 and 167: Source Chapter 8 Household Vehicles
Page 168 and 169: Vehicle-miles per capita have nearl
Page 170 and 171: Household vehicle ownership shows a
Page 172 and 173: Due to methodology improvements in
Page 174 and 175: In 2001 vehicle-miles traveled (vmt
Page 176 and 177: The average vehicle occupancy, calc
Page 178 and 179: The average annual miles per vehicl
Page 180 and 181: According to the U.S. Census data,
Page 182 and 183: Sales of bicycles with wheel sizes
Page 184 and 185: In 2001, 5% of walk trips and 8% of
Page 186 and 187: Personal-use vehicles are by far th
Page 188 and 189: Source Chapter 9 Nonhighway Modes S
Page 190 and 191: These data include all internationa
Page 192 and 193: In the early seventies, domestic wa
Page 194 and 195: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 196 and 197: The Interstate Commerce Commission
Page 198 and 199: The “other” category, which con
Page 200 and 201: The National Railroad Passenger Cor
Page 202 and 203: This table on transit rail operatio
Page 208 and 209: 10-6 Though the cost of crude oil c
Page 210 and 211: 10-8 The fuel prices shown here are
Page 212 and 213: 10-10 Table 10.7 State Taxes on Mot
Page 214 and 215: 10-12 At the end of 2001, only four
Page 216 and 217: 10-14 In current dollars, import ca
Page 220 and 221: 10-18 Knowing the number of employe
Page 222 and 223: 11-2 The U. S. accounted for 23.0%
Page 224 and 225: 11-4 Carbon dioxide emissions in 20
Page 226 and 227: 11-6 Most U.S. transportation secto
Page 228 and 229: Source Chapter 12 Criteria Air Poll
Page 230 and 231: The transportation sector accounted
Page 240 and 241: The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 252 and 253: APPENDIX A SOURCES & METHODOLOGIES
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Highway energy use Automobiles Ener
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Trucks Eno Transportation Foundatio
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Medium/Heavy Trucks: DOT, FHWA, Hig
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Nonhighway energy use Air General A
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Water Freight: Total - DOE, EIA, Fu
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Pipeline The sum of natural gas, cr
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Rail Freight: AAR, Railroad Facts,
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Transit - APTA, 2003 Transit Fact B
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Automobiles Passenger Travel and En
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Intercity School Air Passenger-mile
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Automobiles Highway Passenger Mode
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Air Certificated air carriers Nonhi
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Truck Freight Mode Energy Intensiti
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Sales - Domestic and import totals
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Trucks less than 8,500 lbs (Classes
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Light Fleet Vehicle Population Flee
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Light trucks Business Bobit Publish
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B-2 Pounds (lb) Table B.1 Hydrogen
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B-4 Table B.4 Fuel Equivalents 1 mi
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B-6 Table B.7 Distance and Velocity
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B-8 FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table
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B-10 Table B.12 Fuel Efficiency Con
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B-12 Table B.14 Metric Units and Ab
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APPENDIX C MAPS TRANSPORTATION ENER
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Figure C1. Census Divisions and Reg
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Source: See Table C.2. Figure C.2.
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G-2 Alcohol - The family name of a
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G-4 Combination trucks - Consist of
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G-6 Energy capacity - Measured in k
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G-8 person living alone, two or mor
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G-10 M100 - 100% methanol. Medium t
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G-12 Poland, Portugal, Spain, Swede
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G-14 Proved Reserves of Crude Oil -
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G-16 Test weight - The weight setti
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TITLE INDEX TRANSPORTATION ENERGY D
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Automobiles (continued) Average Age
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(Category LDT3) ...................
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Countries Petroleum Stocks of OECD
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Light Truck Corporate Average Fuel
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Heavy Trucks.......................
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FY Federal Fleet Vehicle Acquisitio
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Incentives State Ethanol Incentives
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Mile Automobile Operating Cost per
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Oil World Crude Oil Production, 196
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Powered Federal Exhaust Emission Ce
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New Retail Sales of Trucks 10,000 p
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Standards Automobile Corporate Aver
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Time Average Length of Time Busines
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United States Petroleum Production,
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Workers Workers by Commute Time, 19
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