Transportation energy data book: edition 23 - Oak Ridge National ...

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Mile Automobile Operating Cost per Mile, 1985–2002 ............................................ 10-15 Miles Ton-Miles of Petroleum and Petroleum Products in the U.S. by Mode, 1975–2001 ....................1-20 Shares of Highway Vehicle-Miles Traveled by Vehicle Type, 1970–2001 ...........................3-8 Growth of Freight Miles in the United States: Comparison of the 1997 and 1993 Commodity Flow Surveys ......................................................................5-13 Average Annual Vehicle-Miles of Travel for Fleet Vehicles, 2000 .................................7-4 Average Miles per Domestic Federal Vehicle by Vehicle Type, 2001 ...............................7-5 Average Annual Vehicle-Miles, Vehicle Trips and Trip Length per Household 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ...........................................................8-7 Average Annual Person-Miles Traveled, Person Trips and Trip Length per Household by Selected Trip Purposes, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................................8-8 Average Annual Miles per Vehicle by Household Vehicle Ownership, 2001 NHTS ...................8-12 Average Annual Miles per Household Vehicle by Vehicle Age ...................................8-13 Self-Reported vs. Odometer Average Annual Miles, 1995 NPTS .................................8-14 Class I Railroad Freight Systems in the United States Ranked by Revenue Ton Miles, 2001 .............9-9 Military Summary of 1996 Military Expenditures for Defending Oil Supplies from the Middle East .............1-12 Mode Ton-Miles of Petroleum and Petroleum Products in the U.S. by Mode, 1975–2001 ....................1-20 Domestic Consumption of Transportation Energy by Mode and Fuel Type, 2001 ......................2-6 Transportation Energy Use by Mode, 2000–2001 ...............................................2-7 Highway Transportation Energy Consumption by Mode, 1970–2001 ...............................2-8 Nonhighway Transportation Energy Consumption by Mode, 1970–2001 ............................2-9 Long-Distance Trips by Mode and Purpose, 1995 .............................................8-21 Shares of Long-Distance Person Trips by Mode and Household Income, 1995 .......................8-22 Model Automobile Scrappage and Survival Rates 1970, 1980 and 1990 Model Years .......................3-13 Alternative Fuel Vehicles Available by Manufacturer, Model Year 2001 ............................6-5 Tier 2 Emission Standards for Cars and Light Trucks Effective for 2004–2009 Model Years ........... 12-14 Modes Energy Intensities of Highway Passenger Modes, 1970–2001 ....................................2-14 Energy Intensities of Nonhighway Passenger Modes, 1970–2001 .................................2-15 Energy Intensities of Freight Modes, 1970–2001 ..............................................2-19 Monoxide Total National Emissions of Carbon Monoxide, 1980–2001 .....................................12-3 Emissions of Carbon Monoxide from Highway Vehicles, 1980–2001 ..............................12-4 Motor Retail Prices for Motor Fuel, 1978–2002 ....................................................10-7 State Taxes on Motor Fuels, 2000 ......................................................... 10-10 Federal Excise Taxes on Motor Fuels ...................................................... 10-12 Movement Intercity Freight Movement and Energy Use in the United States, 2001 ............................2-18 MTBE U.S. Production and Imports of MTBE and Fuel Ethanol, 1985–2002 ..............................2-12 National Summary Statistics for the National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak), 1971 ..................9-13 Total National Emissions of the Criteria Air Pollutants by Sector, 2001 ............................12-2 Total National Emissions of Carbon Monoxide, 1980–2001 .....................................12-3 Total National Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides, 1980–2001 .......................................12-5 Total National Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, 1980–2001 .............................12-7 Total National Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM 10), 1980–2001 ..............................12-9 Total National Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM-2.5), 1990–2001 ............................. 12-11 TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 23—2003 I–17
I–18 Natural World Natural Gas Reserves, Production, and Consumption, 2000 .................................1-7 NHTS Demographic Statistics, 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ........................8-6 Average Annual Vehicle-Miles, Vehicle Trips and Trip Length per Household 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ...........................................................8-7 Average Annual Person-Miles Traveled, Person Trips and Trip Length per Household by Selected Trip Purposes, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................................8-8 Average Number of Vehicles and Vehicle Travel per Household, 1990 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ...........8-9 Average Vehicle Occupancy by Vehicle Type, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ........................8-10 Average Vehicle Occupancy by Trip Purpose, 1977 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................8-11 Average Annual Miles per Vehicle by Household Vehicle Ownership, 2001 NHTS ...................8-12 Average Age of Vehicles by Household Vehicle Ownership, 2001 NHTS ..........................8-12 Walk and Bike Trips by Trip Purpose, 2001 NHTS ............................................8-19 Nitrogen Total National Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides, 1980–2001 .......................................12-5 Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides from Highway Vehicles, 1980–2001 ...............................12-6 No Refiner Sales Prices for Propane and No. 2 Diesel, 1978–2002 ...................................10-8 Nonhighway Nonhighway Transportation Energy Consumption by Mode, 1970–2001 ............................2-9 Energy Intensities of Nonhighway Passenger Modes, 1970–2001 .................................2-15 Nonhighway Energy Use Shares, 1970–2001 ..................................................9-2 Nonoccupant Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle Type and Nonoccupant Fatalities, 1975–2000 .......................4-34 NPTS Demographic Statistics, 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ........................8-6 Average Annual Vehicle-Miles, Vehicle Trips and Trip Length per Household 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ...........................................................8-7 Average Annual Person-Miles Traveled, Person Trips and Trip Length per Household by Selected Trip Purposes, 1983, 1990, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................................8-8 Average Number of Vehicles and Vehicle Travel per Household, 1990 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ...........8-9 Average Vehicle Occupancy by Vehicle Type, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ........................8-10 Average Vehicle Occupancy by Trip Purpose, 1977 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................8-11 Self-Reported vs. Odometer Average Annual Miles, 1995 NPTS .................................8-14 Numerical Numerical Estimates of Global Warming Potentials Compared with Carbon Dioxide ..................11-3 Occupancy Average Vehicle Occupancy by Vehicle Type, 1995 NPTS and 2001 NHTS ........................8-10 Average Vehicle Occupancy by Trip Purpose, 1977 NPTS and 2001 NHTS .........................8-11 Occupant Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle Type and Nonoccupant Fatalities, 1975–2000 .......................4-34 Light Vehicle Occupant Safety Data, 1975–2001 ..............................................4-35 Odometer Self-Reported vs. Odometer Average Annual Miles, 1995 NPTS .................................8-14 OECD Petroleum Stocks of OECD Countries by Ownership, 1995–2002 ..................................1-8 TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 23—2003
Page 1 and 2:
Center for Transportation Analysis
Page 3:
Users of the Transportation Energy
Page 6 and 7:
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
Page 8 and 9:
viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page 10 and 11:
x TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Tab
Page 12 and 13:
xii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
Page 14 and 15:
xiv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
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xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
Page 18 and 19:
xviii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BO
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xx TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK:
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xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
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xxiv TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
Page 26 and 27:
1-2 Although the world has consumed
Page 28 and 29:
1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
Page 30 and 31:
1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
Page 32 and 33:
1-8 Total OECD government-owned pet
Page 34 and 35:
1-10 The share of petroleum importe
Page 36 and 37:
1-12 Estimates of military expendit
Page 38 and 39:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 40 and 41:
1-16 Most of the petroleum imported
Page 42 and 43:
1-18 Millions of Barrels per Day Th
Page 44 and 45:
1-20 Pipelines accounted for two-th
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2-2 Petroleum accounted for 40% of
Page 48 and 49:
2-4 The Energy Information Administ
Page 50 and 51:
2-6 As data about alternative fuel
Page 52 and 53:
2-8 The highway sector is by far th
Page 54 and 55:
2-10 The use of diesel for off-high
Page 56 and 57:
2-12 Nearly all of the fuel ethanol
Page 58 and 59:
2-14 Great care should be taken whe
Page 60 and 61:
2-16 Figure 2.2. Energy Intensities
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
2-20 Nearly all of the fuel ethanol
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
2-24 Figure 2.2. Energy Intensities
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Source Chapter 3 All Highway Vehicl
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Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
The data on automobile and light tr
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
The average age of automobiles was
Page 84 and 85:
Using current registration data and
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Chapter 4 Light Vehicles and Charac
Page 92 and 93:
The Federal Highway Administration
Page 94 and 95:
Over one-quarter of autos sold in 2
Page 96 and 97:
The sales-weighted fuel economy of
Page 98 and 99:
Back in 1976 only 20% of new light
Page 100 and 101:
The compact, midsize, and large aut
Page 102 and 103:
The large car size class is the onl
Page 104 and 105:
The sales-weighted wheelbase of new
Page 106 and 107:
The number of franchised dealership
Page 108 and 109:
The Corporate Average Fuel Economy
Page 110 and 111:
Manufacturers of autos and light tr
Page 112 and 113:
Consumers continue to demand gas gu
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Vehicle Table 4.23 Vehicle Specific
Page 116 and 117:
Source: See Table 4.23. Figure 4.2.
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The Environmental Protection Agency
Page 120 and 121:
The US06 driving cycle was develope
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When comparing data between countri
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In 2001, the fatality rate for vehi
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For fatal crashes in 2001, sport-ut
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Source Chapter 5 Heavy Vehicles and
Page 130 and 131:
Combination trucks include all truc
Page 132 and 133:
Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Th
Page 134 and 135:
As expected, most light trucks trav
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In 1997 nearly 60% of all truck fle
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Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
Page 140 and 141:
Industries covered by the 1997 Comm
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There are currently not many source
Page 144 and 145:
6-2 Alternative Fuels The U.S. Depa
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6-4 Nearly 90% of private alternati
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6-6 This list includes public and p
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6-8 The Honda Insight, Civic Hybrid
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6-10 The relative efficiencies of s
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6-12 In 1999 (the latest year for w
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6-14 Table 6.10 Properties of Conve
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Source Chapter 7 Fleet Vehicles and
Page 160 and 161:
According to these estimates of lig
Page 162 and 163:
These data, which apply to domestic
Page 164 and 165:
Table 7.6 Federal Fleet Vehicle Acq
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Source Chapter 8 Household Vehicles
Page 168 and 169:
Vehicle-miles per capita have nearl
Page 170 and 171:
Household vehicle ownership shows a
Page 172 and 173:
Due to methodology improvements in
Page 174 and 175:
In 2001 vehicle-miles traveled (vmt
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The average vehicle occupancy, calc
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The average annual miles per vehicl
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According to the U.S. Census data,
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Sales of bicycles with wheel sizes
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In 2001, 5% of walk trips and 8% of
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Personal-use vehicles are by far th
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Source Chapter 9 Nonhighway Modes S
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These data include all internationa
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In the early seventies, domestic wa
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Page 196 and 197:
The Interstate Commerce Commission
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The “other” category, which con
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The National Railroad Passenger Cor
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This table on transit rail operatio
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Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
10-6 Though the cost of crude oil c
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10-8 The fuel prices shown here are
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10-10 Table 10.7 State Taxes on Mot
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10-12 At the end of 2001, only four
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10-14 In current dollars, import ca
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10-18 Knowing the number of employe
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11-2 The U. S. accounted for 23.0%
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11-4 Carbon dioxide emissions in 20
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11-6 Most U.S. transportation secto
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Source Chapter 12 Criteria Air Poll
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The transportation sector accounted
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Page 234 and 235:
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Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
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Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
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Page 252 and 253:
APPENDIX A SOURCES & METHODOLOGIES
Page 254 and 255:
Highway energy use Automobiles Ener
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Trucks Eno Transportation Foundatio
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Medium/Heavy Trucks: DOT, FHWA, Hig
Page 260 and 261:
Nonhighway energy use Air General A
Page 262 and 263:
Water Freight: Total - DOE, EIA, Fu
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Pipeline The sum of natural gas, cr
Page 266 and 267:
Rail Freight: AAR, Railroad Facts,
Page 268 and 269:
Transit - APTA, 2003 Transit Fact B
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Automobiles Passenger Travel and En
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Intercity School Air Passenger-mile
Page 274 and 275:
Automobiles Highway Passenger Mode
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Air Certificated air carriers Nonhi
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Truck Freight Mode Energy Intensiti
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Sales - Domestic and import totals
Page 282 and 283:
Trucks less than 8,500 lbs (Classes
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Light Fleet Vehicle Population Flee
Page 286 and 287:
Light trucks Business Bobit Publish
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B-2 Pounds (lb) Table B.1 Hydrogen
Page 290 and 291: B-4 Table B.4 Fuel Equivalents 1 mi
Page 292 and 293: B-6 Table B.7 Distance and Velocity
Page 294 and 295: B-8 FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table
Page 296 and 297: B-10 Table B.12 Fuel Efficiency Con
Page 298 and 299: B-12 Table B.14 Metric Units and Ab
Page 300 and 301: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 302 and 303: APPENDIX C MAPS TRANSPORTATION ENER
Page 304 and 305: Figure C1. Census Divisions and Reg
Page 306 and 307: Source: See Table C.2. Figure C.2.
Page 308 and 309: G-2 Alcohol - The family name of a
Page 310 and 311: G-4 Combination trucks - Consist of
Page 312 and 313: G-6 Energy capacity - Measured in k
Page 314 and 315: G-8 person living alone, two or mor
Page 316 and 317: G-10 M100 - 100% methanol. Medium t
Page 318 and 319: G-12 Poland, Portugal, Spain, Swede
Page 320 and 321: G-14 Proved Reserves of Crude Oil -
Page 322 and 323: G-16 Test weight - The weight setti
Page 324 and 325: TITLE INDEX TRANSPORTATION ENERGY D
Page 326 and 327: Automobiles (continued) Average Age
Page 328 and 329: (Category LDT3) ...................
Page 330 and 331: Countries Petroleum Stocks of OECD
Page 332 and 333: Light Truck Corporate Average Fuel
Page 334 and 335: Heavy Trucks.......................
Page 336 and 337: FY Federal Fleet Vehicle Acquisitio
Page 338 and 339: Incentives State Ethanol Incentives
Page 342 and 343: Oil World Crude Oil Production, 196
Page 344 and 345: Powered Federal Exhaust Emission Ce
Page 346 and 347: New Retail Sales of Trucks 10,000 p
Page 348 and 349: Standards Automobile Corporate Aver
Page 350 and 351: Time Average Length of Time Busines
Page 352 and 353: United States Petroleum Production,
Page 354: Workers Workers by Commute Time, 19
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