Numismata hellenica: a catalogue of Greek coins; with notes, a map ...

12 ASIATIC GREECE.
Metal
M
M
M
JE
M
Size
1
5
2i
Weight
Otacilia.
QTA. CGBHPA. Head of Otacilia to r. R. 611 ANKYPANflN.
Cybele
seated to I.
Valerian.
. . . K. n. AIK. OYAAePIANOC CGB. Head of Valerian to r. R. MHTPOno
. . . . B. N. ANKYPAC Asclepius, adv. From the Pembroke Collection (1255).
. . . AIK. OYAAGPIANOC C6B. Sametype. B. MHTPOnOAe. B. N. ANKYPAC.
Hermes to I. ; in right hand, purse ; on left arm, caduceus and chlamys.
ANTANDRUS Mysise.
Note.— Antandrus, situated near the northern shore of the gulf of Adramyttium, at the foot of Mount
Ida, preserves some remains of antiquity above the modem Faplisli.
Veiled female head to r., in dotted circle. IJ. ANTANAPIilN. Stag to r.
Female head to /•., hair in reticulum. R. ANTAN. Head of a lion to r.
ANTIOCHEIA Syrise.
Note.—It is scarcely possible that so fine a position as that of Antioch should not have been occu-
pied before the time of the Macedonian conquest, though its name is unknown. In 307 b.c., Antigonus,
king of Asia, founded a city near the lake to the eastward of Antioch (Strabo,p. 750 ; Johau. Malal.
Antiochensis Chronogr. p. 86), and it gave the name of Antigoneia. Seleucus, when he had established
his authority in the east, having chosen a difierent position, removed thither the inhabitants of Anti-
goneia, and called the new town Antiocheia, in honour of his father Antiochus. To Seleucus is to be
attributed the commencement of the magnificent walls, the ruins of which still encircle the site, and
which were enlarged by Seleucus Callinicus and Antiochus Epiphanes. Antioch is supposed by nu-
mismatists to have had four seras :— 1. That of the Seleucidee, 312 b.c. 2. That of its autonomy, 64
B.C. Eckhel (iii. p. 268) cites Porphyrins as proving this sera by his statement that Pompeius, having
'
conquered Tigranes, Xapiiv irap' AvTio\itov xpwara, avTovo/iov Tii)V ttoXiv tlaai. 3. That of the
victory gained by Julius Ceesar over Pompeius at Pharsalus, which sei-a began at Antioch (as Eckhel
and others have shown) not in 48 B.C., the real date of the battle, but in the preceding year 49.
4. The eera Actiaca, or year of the battle of Actium, 31 ac. But there is no evidence of the first of
these eeras having ever served as a date upon the coins of Antioch. In fact, the autonomy of Antioch
liad commenced and had been recorded on its coins before the visit of Pompeius to Antioch, as
appears from a coin with the legend 'Avrioxswv j«ijrpoiroXeM£ avTovo/iov, and the date '='AS (236)
of the Seleucid eera, or B.C. 76, which was twelve years before the visit of Pompeius. Evidently, there-
fore, all that he did for the people of Antioch, was to take their property and leave them (elaue) their
autonomy, which probably they had assumed as soon as the Seleucid kings had been too weak to prevent
them. The Seleucid sera is found on the same class of coins as that to which I have just referi'ed—
those, namely, inscribed with some or all the titles, MijrpoiroXie, Upd, dffwXof, avTovofioi — as
late as the year 272, or B.C. 40. As this was just eight years after the battle of Pharsalia, and as we find
upon the same class of coins, not less numerous than those with the Seleucid seras, a succession of
dates from 3 to 89 (Mionnet, v.
p. 152, seq.), there can be little doubt that about this time the Seleucid
Eera ceased to be employed on the money of Antioch, and that the Caesarian came into use ; for, with
the exception of thirty or forty years in the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius, when, in deference to
Augustus, the Actiac £era was substituted for or united with the Caesarian, the latter was the only
sera employed at Antioch in Roman times.
Antiochus IV.
Radiated head of Antiochus IV. to r. B. ANTIOXEiiN TaN nPOS AA*NHt.
Half-draped figure, adv., looking to I., his right hand holding a garland with
pendent ribands ; in field I., mon. 24 ; in field r., A*.
Another similar.
Same type. R. Same legend and type ; in field I., a tripod.
iVbte.— Daphne is described by Strabo (p. 750) as situated at a distance of forty stades from
Antioch, and as consisting of a thickly planted grove, eighty stades in circumference, in the midst of
which was the aavkov ri/ievoQ, containing the temple of Apollo and Diana, Daphne was held in such