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Numismata hellenica: a catalogue of Greek coins; with notes, a map ...

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Metal<br />

M Size Weight<br />

8 262-0<br />

JR o^<br />

M<br />

JE<br />

N<br />

M<br />

M<br />

M<br />

M<br />

M<br />

M<br />

3<br />

3<br />

8-7<br />

8<br />

7i<br />

57-4<br />

525<br />

255-0<br />

262-7<br />

243-6<br />

263-6<br />

63-8<br />

KINGS OF SYRIA. 25<br />

Diademate portrait <strong>of</strong> Seleucus III. to r., beardless, but <strong>with</strong> a whisker. R. BASI-<br />

AEQ2 2EAEYK0Y. Apollo seated on the cortina to I., arrow in right hand, left<br />

resting on bow ; in field I. mon. 120 ; in field, r.<br />

p.<br />

From the Revil Col-<br />

lection (375).<br />

Same portrait to r. R. Same legend and type, but Apollo is seated on a stool,<br />

which covers the apex <strong>of</strong> the cortina ; in field two monograms.<br />

Bust <strong>of</strong> Diana to r. R. Same legend and same type <strong>of</strong> Apollo seated ; in field to I.<br />

€ ; in exergue 0E.<br />

Three others similar.<br />

ANTIOOHUS III. (^Magnus),<br />

Son <strong>of</strong> Seleucus II. and Laodice, began to reign b.c. 223.<br />

Note.— It serves to illustrate the portraits on the following <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III., to observe that<br />

he succeeded his father in the fifteenth year <strong>of</strong> hia age, and reigned thirty-six years. The epithet<br />

Msyat; was derived from his endeavour to recover the eastern provinces <strong>of</strong> the empire <strong>of</strong> Alexander,<br />

which had been lost under his father Callinicus. Upon this expedition, he was absent seven years ; lie<br />

was said to have penetrated into India, and he brought back <strong>with</strong> him a great number <strong>of</strong> elephants,<br />

which he employed <strong>with</strong> great advantage in his wars <strong>of</strong> Asia Minor and Greece, but the only other<br />

result seems to have been his acknowledgment <strong>of</strong> the independence <strong>of</strong> Bactria and Parthia. His<br />

unjust and ambitious attempt to convert the infancy <strong>of</strong> Ptolemseus Epiphanes to his own benefit, led<br />

to his wars <strong>with</strong> the Romans, which were terminated by his defeat at Thermopyloe, and again at<br />

Magnesia ad Sipylum, and, finally, by a ruinous treaty <strong>of</strong> Armenia renounced his authority.<br />

peace. In consequence <strong>of</strong> these disasters<br />

He lost his life in an insurrection in Elymais in the fifty-second<br />

year <strong>of</strong> his age. There are three copper <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III., bearing on the obverse his portrait<br />

and on the reverse a ship (showing they were struck in one <strong>of</strong> the maritime cities <strong>of</strong> Syria), <strong>with</strong> the<br />

dates 112, 115, 117, or B.C. 200, 197, 195- These are the earliest <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Seleucidse bearing a<br />

date, except that which I have noticed on the first coin <strong>of</strong> Seleucus II.<br />

Diademate head <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III. to r. R. BASIAEQ[S] ANTIoXOY. Apollo seated<br />

on cortina to I., in extended right hand arrow, left hand resting on bow ; in<br />

field I. mon. 121. Electrotype from the Pembroke Collection (1143).<br />

Very youthful diademate head <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III. to r. IjL. Legend and type as<br />

before; in field I. mon. 122. From the Thomas Collection (2535).<br />

Same portrait to r., rather older and <strong>with</strong> whisker. IJ. Same legend and type ; in<br />

field I. mon. 123 (Tyrus) on the smaller end <strong>of</strong> a club ; in field r. AP ; in ex-<br />

ergue, A. From the Bevil Collection (377).<br />

Same portrait still older to r. R. Same legend and type; in field I. mon. 124 ; in<br />

exergue, N ; a covering <strong>with</strong> three legs or pendents on the apex <strong>of</strong> the cortina.<br />

Same poi-trait in advanced age to r. U. Same legend and type ; in field, in front <strong>of</strong><br />

head <strong>of</strong> Apollo, mon. 125 ; behind head, mon. 126 ; a cushion on the apex <strong>of</strong> the<br />

cortina.<br />

^ote.—The portrait on some <strong>coins</strong> in the British Museum and other collections resembling this coin<br />

and the one preceding, has been supposed to represent Antiochus Hierax, the brother <strong>of</strong> Callinicus,<br />

but it is probably nothing more than one among a great variety <strong>of</strong> portraits <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III., at<br />

different ages and by artists <strong>of</strong> various degrees <strong>of</strong> merit. The same nose and general pr<strong>of</strong>ile are<br />

evident in all. I doubt whether any <strong>coins</strong> <strong>of</strong> Antiochus Hierax are extant. He assumed, indeed, the<br />

title <strong>of</strong> king, while master <strong>of</strong> the western part <strong>of</strong> Asia Minor, as we learn from a Carian inscription<br />

published by CliishuU (Antiq. Asiat.), but in which the title is given to him in conjunction <strong>with</strong><br />

his brother Callinicus ; and it seems more likely tliat Smyrna, Ephesus, and other great cities under<br />

his authority supplied him With tetradrachma <strong>of</strong> Alexander the Great, the coinage <strong>of</strong> which con-<br />

tinued extensively in Asia long after the death <strong>of</strong> Alexander.<br />

Same portrait to r. R. BAStAEQS ANTIoXoy. Elephant walking to r. ; in field r.<br />

mon. 23. From the Pembroke Collection (1144).<br />

Diademate portrait <strong>of</strong> Antiochus III. to r. R. BA[2I]AEQS [A]NTloX[oY]. Seated<br />

Apollo, as usual, to I.<br />

H

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