Numismata hellenica: a catalogue of Greek coins; with notes, a map ...

Metal Size Weight
N
A'
N
M
M M
M M
M
M
M
M
M
JE
M
2
1
4+
6
6i
H
6+
5-
5-
ITALY. 141
defeated by the Romans in B.C. 340, the deities invoked by him were Janus, Jupiter, Mars pater,
Quirinus, and Bellona (Liv. 8, 9). The heads or symbols of these, therefore, we may expect to find
on the earliest silver coins of Rome. The worship of Hercules was of later date.
In general, throughout the following series, the O is smaller than the other letters, shewing an
imitation of the Greek custom of the fourth century B.C.
105-3 Youthful heads of Janus. R. Figure, on one knee, looking up, and holding a pig,
which a military figure on each side touches with a sword held in the right
hand; in the left hand of each, a spear; below, RO/AA.
51-7 Bearded head of Mars (Mars pater) to r. ; behind, \j/X (60 denarii). B. Eagle,
with open wings on fulmen, to r. ; below, same legend.
34'4 Same type ; behind, XXXX (40 denarii). R. Same type and legend.
17"3 Same type; behind, XX (20 denarii). R. Same type and — legend. This and the
three preceding are Electrotypes from the B. M.
112-5 Same type to I.; behind, sprig of oak ? B. Head and neck of horse, with bridle
and head-stall to r. on a narrow plinth, upon which is inscribed RO/AANO ;
behind the neck, ear of corn with leaf.
1106 Another similar.
100-7
1 00
Beardless helmeted head, with whisker (Quirinus), to r. ; on helmet, gryphon to
B. Same type ; below, ROMA ; behind the neck, strigil.
Another similar.
r,
50*5 Another similar, but without gryphon.
96-6 Youthful male head to r., covered with Phrygian cap or close helmet (lulus?);
behind, grapes. R. RO/AANO. Victory to r., hanging with right hand a
wreath on a palm branch in her left ; in field to r., S S.
98 Same type ; behind the head, cornucopise. B. Same legend and type.
106'8 Laureate beardless heads of Janus. B. Jupiter, in quadriga, with Victory for
charioteer ; in his right hand, fulmen ; in left, sceptre ; the whole on a slightly
raised plinth; on which, ROM A, in incuse letters.
102-7 Another similar.
104 Same type. B- Same type and legend, letters raised.
Note.—These were the nummi quadrigati, of which immense numbers were in use in the Second
Punic War (Liv. 22, 52 et 64).
103-5 Diademate juvenile head of Hercules to r.; on shoulder, club, and lion's skin.
B. She-wolf to r., suckling the twins; in exergue, R0MAN[0].
110-3 Another similar,
80 Helmeted female head to r., with wing on the helmet (Bellona) ; behind, X (denarius).
B. Dioscuri, bearing spears horizontally, galloping to r. ; in exergue, ROMA.—
Electrotype from the B. M.
Note.—There is reason to believe, that the denarius weighed at first about 112 grains Troy (Trans,
of the R. S. of Literature, 8vo, III. p. 367). On that supposition, all the preceding silver coins,
with the exception of the half denarius, weighing 60-5 grains, are denarii, shewing the decline of the
standard until it reached, about B.C. 100, that of the latest Attic drachma, or about 60 grains.
188-5 Youthful helmeted head, with earring (Bellona), to I. B. Anterior part of galley
to r. ; above, ROMA ; below, • (uncia).
170 Another similar.
96 Same type to v.; behind, •. B. Same type; above, ROMA, and higher, ear of
corn ; below, • .
267 Head of Jupiter to r. , behind, S (semis). B. Same type; above, S; below,
ROA\A.
67-5 Same type ; behind, S (semis). B. Same type ; above, ROMA.
124 Head of young Hercules, with lion's scalp, to r. ; behind, three globules (quadrans).
B. Same type; above, elephant's head; below, ROMA; m field to r., three
globules.
[oo]