Chapter I Intro & Objectives - SPREP

PHOENIX ISLANDS PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN
Chapter III. Background, 3. Terrestrial Resources
Draft 1 March 2007
Amerson (1968) lists the bird hosts for the tick, Ornithoros capensis and the O. capensis
group in Manra (Sydney) (see Table III-3.11 above).
MCKEAN
Maude (1937) reported no mosquitos on McKean.
Some species of insects were noted for McKean (Hydrographic Office 1940), but none were
identified. Flies and mosquitoes were absent. Small insects were common (Bryan 1941 and
1942).
Amerson (1968) lists the bird hosts for the tick, Ornithoros capensis and the O. capensis
group in McKean (see Table III-3.11 above).
Maa (1968) reported the Hippoboscidae (Diptera), Olfersia spinifera, from McKean collected
from Fregata minor.
Maa (1968) reported the Hippoboscidae (Diptera), Olfersia pusilla, O. aenescens, and O.
spinifera from Abariringa (Canton), Birnie, McKean, Orona (Hull), and Rawaki (Phoenix).
Garnett (1983) reported at least 15 species of insects on McKean, however, these have yet to
be identified. Garnett (1983) noted the two species of Diptera on McKean included Olfersia
spinifera, and Ornithoica pusilla.
Pierce et al (2006) reported that there were Asian rats on McKean. An external parasitic tick
was found on a juvenile Asian rat.
Pierce et al (2006) reported on the occurance of ants on Abariringa (Kanton), Birnie,
Enderbury, McKean, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki (see Table III-3.12 above). None of
these species were considered invasive.
NIKUMARORO (GARDNER)
Maude (1937) reported no mosquitos on Nikumaroro (Gardner).
Bryan (1939) reported that on wooded islands, such as Nikumaroro (Gardner), there were
large moths, butterflies, grasshoppers, crickets, and dragonflies.
Gilbert Islands (1978) reported that there were no mosquitoes on Nikumaroro. However,
flies concentrated at the expedition camp site.
Pierce et al (2006) reported on the occurance of ants on Abariringa (Kanton), Birnie,
Enderbury, McKean, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki (see Table III-3.12 above). None of
these species were considered invasive.
ORONA (HULL)
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