Chapter I Intro & Objectives - SPREP

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PHOENIX ISLANDS PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN <strong>Chapter</strong> III. Background, 4. Marine Resources Draft 1 March 2007 Dunn and Dunn (2005) reported that Nielsen published an account of cowries for McKean in 1969. However, no citiation was provided. According to Dunn and Dunn (2005) Nielsen reported 14 cowry species for McKean including: Cypraea isabella, C. poraria, C. helvola, C. caputserpentis, C. carneola, C. depressa, C. scurra, C. mauritiana, C. nucleus, C. globules C. moneta, C. talpa, C. schilderorum, and C. vitellus. Eleven of these species were the same as found on Abariringa (Canton). In 2000, Tridacna sp were observed during surveys on McKean (Stone et al 2001). NIKUMARORO (GARDNER) Nine giant clams were observed during the 2000 survey of Nikumaroro (Stone et al 2001). In 1995, clams were observed near the village of Niku facing Maroro (Government of Kiribati 1995). Clam density was 2 to 3 clams/m 2 . In 2002, surveys of selected invertebrate diversity and abundance were conducted in the Phoenix Islands (Obura and Stone 2003). Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki were surveyed. ORONA (HULL) In 1995, clams were surveyed at Moantewa lagoon (Government of Kiribati 1995). Density was 20 to 25 clams per m 2 . Even at the shoreline, clam density was 5 to 7 clams/m 2 . Surveys for pearl oysters were completed (Government of Kiribati 1995). Only one young black lip pearl oyster was found. In 2000, Tridacna sp were observed at Orona (Stone et al 2001). Within the lagoon, Tridacna was abundant. In 2001, no Tridacna gigas were found on the reef (Tioti et al 2001). Tioti et al (2001) reported that there were high concentrations of Tridacna maxima in Orona’s lagoon. Tioti et al (2001) reported that no pearl oysters were found during dive surveys on Orona in 2001. In 2002, surveys of selected invertebrate diversity and abundance were conducted in the Phoenix Islands (Obura and Stone 2003). Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki were surveyed. Obura and Stone (2003) report high densities of Tridacna spp, in Orona’s lagoon, as high as 10-15 clams/m 2 . They noted that giant clams were being harvested by the residents of Orona. Stocks were healthy, but could be depleted with over harvest. Obura and Stone (2003) reported high densities of Actinopyga sp. on the windward side of Orona. 29
PHOENIX ISLANDS PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN <strong>Chapter</strong> III. Background, 4. Marine Resources Draft 1 March 2007 Obura (in press) reported dense patches of Tridacna (dominated by T. squamosa) clams in Orona’s lagoon. Clam densities in patches were over 50 clams per m 2 . RAWAKI In 2002, surveys of selected invertebrate diversity and abundance were conducted in the Phoenix Islands (Obura and Stone 2003). Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki were surveyed. G. ARTHROPODS In 2002, surveys of selected invertebrate diversity and abundance were conducted in the Phoenix Islands (Obura and Stone 2003). Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki were surveyed. Small shrimp and crabs were numerous. ABARIRINGA (CANTON, KANTON) As part of the 1938 Line Islands Expedition, Donaggho (1952 and 1953) visited Abariringa (Canton) and reported large stone crabs which had dug large holes in the sand in a pool adjacent to the lagoon. Degener and Gillaspy (1955) reported the following arthropods from Abariringa (Canton): 1) Limnoriidae isopod - Limnoria multipunctata 2) Palemonidae shrimp - Anchistus miersi 3) Stenopodidae shrimp - Gonodactylus sp. 4) Pontoniidae shrimp - Conchodytes meleagrinae 5) Coenobitidae land hermit crab - Coenobita perlatus 6) Paguidae hermit crab - Calcinus elegans, Calcinus elegans var., Calcinus herbstii, Clibinarius corallinus 7) Porcellanidae crab – Pachycheles pisoides 8) Inachidae – Micippa patypes 9) Portunidae crab – Thalmita picta 10) Xanthidae – Actaea sp., Carpilodes bellus, Chlorodopsis scabricula, Chlorodposis areojata, Eriphia scabricula, Eriphia laevimana, Leptodius sanguinesus, Phymodius ungulatus, Polydectus cupulifer 11) Grapsidae – Geograpsus grayi, Metopograpsus messor, Pachygrapsus minutus, Percnon planissimum 12) Ocypodidae – Ocypode ceratopthalma 13) Lepadidae - Lepas anatifera 14) Scalpellidae – Lithotrya pacifica Banner and Banner (1964) reported the following species of Alpheid shrimps from Abariringa (Canton) based on a 1954 collection of that island. Species noted included: 1) Automate gardineri 19) Alpheus macrochirus 2) Athanas indicus 20) Alpheus obesomanus 3) Athanas rhothionastes 21) Alpheus malleodigitus 30
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The Phoenix Islands Protected Area
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Chapter I Intro & Objectives - SPREP

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