Turks and Caicos Islands

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Meehl, G. A., T. F. Stocker, W. D. Collins, P. Friedlingstein, A. T. Gaye, J. M. Gregory, A. Kitoh, R. Knutti, J. M. Murphy, A. Noda, S. C. B. Raper, I. G. Watterson, A. J. Weaver and Z.-C. Zhao. 2007a. Global climate projections. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H. L. Miller, (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Mimura, N., Nurse, L., McLean, R., Agard, J., Briguglio, P., Payet, R., et al. (2007). Small Islands. Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. In M. Parry, O. Canziani, J. Palutikof, P. van der Linden, & H. C.E., Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 687-716). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. MOFED. (2011). Registration for Financial Services Sales Tax, Insurance Premiums Sales Tax and Water Consumption Sales Tax. Grand Turk: Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Turks and Caicos Islands Government. MOH. (2010). Press Release - Diphtheria. Division of Preventative Health and Wellness, Ministry of Health, Government of Turks and Caicos Retrieved 16/09/2011, from http://www.airturksandcaicos.com/diptheria.pdf Monteagudo, F. P., and Miquel, M. F. (2000). Water Resources Management in Grand Turk - Part 1. Water and Wastes Digest Retrieved 15/06/2011, from http://www.wwdmag.com/storm-water/waterresources-management-grand-turk-part-1 Moreno, A. R. (2006). Climate change and human health in Latin America: drivers, effects, and policies. Regional Environmental Change, 6(3), 157-164. Nagalingam, N. A., Adesiyun, A. A., Swanston, W. H., & Bartholomew, M. (2005). Seroprevalence of Legionella pneumophila in Pneumonia Patients in Four Major Hospitals in Trinidad and Tobago. West Indian Medical Journal, 54(6), 4. Name withheld. (2011). What is happening to the North Shore of Providenciales?- 8/10/2011. Retrieved 8/16/2011, from The TCI Journal: http://tcijournal.com/newsite/aug-10-2011-%E2%80%93-letter- %E2%80%93-what-happening-north-shore-providenciales Nelson, V. (2010). Investigating energy issues in Dominica’s accommodations. Tourism and Hospitality Research 10(4): 345-358. Nicholls, R., & Mimura, N. (1998). Regional issues raised by sea-level rise and their policy implications. Climate Research, 11(1), 5-18. Nygren, E., Aleklett, K. & Höök, M. (2009). Aviation fuel and future oil production scenarios. Energy Policy 37 (10), 4003-4010. OECD & UNEP. (2011). Sustainable Tourism Development and Climate Change: Issues and Policies. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Paris: OECD. OECD (2009). The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development . 200
OECD (2010). Taxation, Innovation and the Environment. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Oouchi, K., J. Yoshimura, H. Yoshimura, R. Mizuta, S. Kusunoki, and A. Noda. (2006). Tropical cyclone climatology in a global-warming climate as simulated in a 20 km-mesh global atmospheric model: Frequency and wind intensity analyses. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 84(2), 259-276. Orlove, B. (2005). Human adaptation to climate change: a review of three historical cases and some general perspectives. Environmental Science and Policy, 8, 589-600. OTEP. (2001). The Turks and Caicos Environment Charter. United Kingdom Overseas Territories Environment Program. OTEP. (n.d.). The Turks and Caicos Environment Charter. London, UK: Overseas Territories Environment Programme. PAHO. (2007). Health in the Americas, 2007. Volume II - Turks and Caicos Islands. Washington, D. C.: Pan American Health Organization. PAHO. (2008). PAHO Helps Turks and Caicos Islands Recover Retrieved 16/09/2011, from http://new.paho.org/bah/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=68 PAHO. (2011). Emergency Operations Centre Situation Report #3 Hurricane Irene Retrieved 16/09/2011, from http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/EOC-HurricaneIrene-SitRep3- 31082011ENG.pdf Parry, M., Arnell, N., Berry, P., Dodman, D., Fankhauser, S., Hope, C., et al. (2009). Assessing the Coasts of Adaptation to Climate Change: A Review of the UNFCCC and Other Recent Estimate. London, UK: International Institute for Environment and Development and Grantham Institute for Climate Change. Patel, S. (2006). Climate science: A sinking feeling. Nature, 440, 734-736. Patz, J. A., McGeehin, M. A., Bernard, S. M., Ebi, K. L., Epstein, P. R., Grambsch, A. et al. (2000). The potential health impacts of climate variability and change for the United States. Executive summary of the report of the health sector of the U.S. National Assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108(4), 367-376. Pentelow, L. and Scott, D. (2010). The Implications of Climate Change Mitigation Policy and Oil Price Volatility for Tourism Arrivals to the Caribbean. Tourism and Hospitality Planning and Development 7(3): 301-315. Pinheiro, F. P., and Corber, S. J. (1997). Global situation of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever emergence Americas. World Health Statistics Quarterly 50, 161-168. PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2010). Appetite for Change. Global business perspectives on tax and regulation for a low carbon economy. Retrieved 5/3/2011 from www.pwc.com/appetiteforchange Rahmstorf, S. (2007). A Semi-Empirical Approach to Projecting Future Sea-Level Rise. Science, 315(5810), 368-370. Rawlins, S. C., Hinds, A., and Rawlins, J. M. (2008). Malaria and vectors in the Caribbean: The continuing challenge of the disease forty-five years after eradication from the islands. West Indian Medical Journal, 57(5), 462-469. 201
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Caribbean Regional Headquarters Has
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4.3.4. Women and Youth in TCI Agric
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6.3. Energy Supply and Distribution
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Figure 5.8.2: Relationship status o
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Table 4.1.2: Availability of water
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The CARIBSAVE Part
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The field work components of the re
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
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UKOT ----------------- United Kingd
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Overview Of Climate Change Issues I
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The field study sites include notab
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coastal infrastructure and settleme
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Perceptions of vulnerability in the
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Energy and Tourism Tourism is an in
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Reviewing and considering the feasi
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4. Local watershed management: supp
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Given the importance of tourism to
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Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity
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terrestrial habitats for the purpos
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1. GLOBAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT The
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damages from intense climatic condi
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2. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES 2.1. Geog
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Table 2.2.1: Gross Domestic Product
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Figure 2.2.1 shows a decline in per
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oom for expansion of the fin fisher
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The CPA points out that the all-inc
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Table 3.1.1: Earliest and latest ye
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GCM projections of future rainfall
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Table 3.3.4: GCM and RCM projected
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Relative humidity data has not been
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Table 3.6.1: Observed and GCM proje
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Annual Table 3.8.1: Observed and GC
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Annual DJF MAM JJA SON Annual DJF M
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frequency in the last 1,500 years b
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thermal expansion, with only a cons
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particularly affected by higher wat
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Table 4.1.2: Availability of water
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3). Factors which increase the vuln
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4.2. Energy Supply and Distribution
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
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Table 4.2.3: Assessment of CO2 emis
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Figure 4.2.3: Evolution of electric
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- Reduce electricity costs and pric
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Figure 4.2.5: Crude oil prices 1869
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Climate policy Figure 4.2.6: Fuel c
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taxes can also be a highly transpar
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number of potential impacts of clim
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4.3. Agriculture and Food Security
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Caicos Islands stems from the fact
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Table 4.4.1: Selected statistics re
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2000). Thus, despite the fact that
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Table 4.4.3: Reported cases of gast
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4.5. Marine and Terrestrial Biodive
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Table 4.5.1: Turks and Caicos Islan
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Status of wetlands Over half of the
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and enforcing adequate coastal setb
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Turtle fishery At least two species
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Vulnerability of coral reefs to cli
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Figure 4.5.4: Unusual amount of Sar
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Figure 4.6.1: Grand Turk, The Turks
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Table 4.6.1: Impacts associated wit
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to identify individual properties,
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Figure 4.6.6: Total beach and land
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the tourism sector as well, since t
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Hurricane Irene (2011) Figure 4.7.2
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4.7.3. Vulnerability of the tourism
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greater burden of care as poorer ho
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CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS DIRECT INDIR
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Partnership based on the establishe
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each gender group is of the opinion
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entity. One of the key resources ne
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5. ADAPTIVE CAPACITY PROFILE FOR TH
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The institutional and regulatory fr
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5.1.3. Technology Hydrological and
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equested a rate review to rebalance
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Table 5.2.1: Average weighted emiss
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agree that switching off air condit
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Note: Savings costs of energy effic
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Vast options exist to reduce energy
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5.4. Human Health 5.4.1. Policy The
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Table 5.4.1: Summary effects on the
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weaker social infrastructure. Conti
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end the Turks and Caicos Islands ar
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5.5.3. Technology A high degree of
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Table 5.6.1: Summary of adaptation
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5.6.2. Technology - Soft Engineerin
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5.7. Comprehensive Natural Disaster
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Table 5.7.1: Enhanced Comprehensive
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Related work in needs and vulnerabi
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Early Warning Systems (EWS) An EWS
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50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%
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distributions based on the gender o
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significant differences in househol
Page 187 and 188: Table 5.8.13: Source of food supply
Page 189 and 190: 45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0%
Page 191 and 192: Social Protection Provision Table 5
Page 193 and 194: Table 5.8.24: Sample distribution b
Page 195 and 196: Subsistence Agricultural land (16%)
Page 197 and 198: Resource Importance River / Stream
Page 199 and 200: In the event of a hurricane, 90.3%
Page 201 and 202: Event Hurricane Flooding Storm Surg
Page 203 and 204: Table 5.8.37: Household Adaptation
Page 205 and 206: Assessments focussing on the links
Page 207 and 208: Provide gender disaggregated data a
Page 209 and 210: Short Term Actions Reassess water p
Page 211 and 212: Long Term Actions Pursue the concep
Page 213 and 214: Area Management Foundation (C-CAM)
Page 215 and 216: 6.8. Comprehensive Natural Disaster
Page 217 and 218: The Fire Service is government-run,
Page 219 and 220: 7. CONCLUSION 7.1. Climate Modellin
Page 221 and 222: 7.3. Energy Supply and Distribution
Page 223 and 224: 7.7. Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge
Page 225 and 226: REFERENCES Alcamo, J., Moreno, J. M
Page 227 and 228: CAREC. (2008a). Caribbean Epidemiol
Page 229 and 230: Contreras-Lisperguer, R., & de Cuba
Page 231 and 232: http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUA
Page 233 and 234: Government of the Turks and Caicos
Page 235 and 236: Hu, A., Meehl, G., Han, W., & Yin,
Page 237: Lime Turks & Caicos Islands. (2011)
Page 241 and 242: Stern, N. (2006). The Economics of
Page 243 and 244: Wetherell, G. (2010). Third Quarter
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