Turks and Caicos Islands

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 3.3.2: GCM and RCM projected changes in Turks and Caicos under the A2 scenario 18 Projected changes by the 2080s SRES A2 Min Median Max GCM Ensemble Range -29 Change in mm -6 3 Annual RCM (ECHAM4) 5 RCM (HadCM3) -44 GCM Ensemble Range -13 1 28 DJF RCM (ECHAM4) 20 RCM (HadCM3) 5 GCM Ensemble Range -29 -10 1 MAM RCM (ECHAM4) -2 RCM (HadCM3) -38 GCM Ensemble Range -52 -16 0 JJA RCM (ECHAM4) -8 RCM (HadCM3) -68 GCM Ensemble Range -41 -1 18 SON RCM (ECHAM4) 12 RCM (HadCM3) -75 Table 3.3.3: Observed and GCM projected changes in precipitation (%) for Turks and Caicos Islands Observed Mean 1970-99 (mm per month) Turks and Caicos islands: Country Scale Changes in Precipitation Observed Trend 1960- 2006 (change in % per decade) Projected changes by Projected changes by Projected changes by the 2020s the 2050s the 2080s Min Median Max Min Median Max Min Median Max % Change % Change % Change A2 -21 0 3 -41 -4 7 -63 -8 5 Annual 77.1 0.3 A1B -29 -1 20 -45 -3 9 -48 -7 8 B1 -28 -4 4 -31 -2 5 -39 -5 10 A2 -16 -1 14 -24 0 30 -34 1 36 DJF 52.9 -0.5 A1B -29 1 41 -39 0 27 -27 0 46 B1 -23 0 12 -22 -3 21 -30 2 12 A2 -18 -2 16 -51 -12 27 -54 -24 14 MAM 80.8 1.8 A1B -34 3 26 -36 -8 18 -45 -15 4 B1 -26 -8 5 -32 -7 21 -42 -6 31 A2 -31 -7 3 -60 -13 9 -85 -30 0 JJA 79 0.5 A1B -47 -12 28 -59 -15 26 -78 -19 5 B1 -44 -10 13 -50 -15 10 -53 -12 9 A2 -30 0 17 -36 -3 19 -73 -1 20 SON 96.3 0.4 A1B -28 -4 28 -43 0 29 -50 1 28 B1 -27 -3 6 -32 -5 12 -35 -4 26
Table 3.3.4: GCM and RCM projected changes in Turks and Caicos under the A2 scenario 3.4. Wind Speed 19 Projected changes by the 2080s SRES A2 Min Median Max GCM Ensemble Range -63 % Change -8 5 Annual RCM (ECHAM4) 2 RCM (HadCM3) -35 GCM Ensemble Range -34 1 36 DJF RCM (ECHAM4) 33 RCM (HadCM3) 4 GCM Ensemble Range -54 -24 14 MAM RCM (ECHAM4) 0 RCM (HadCM3) -36 GCM Ensemble Range -85 -30 0 JJA RCM (ECHAM4) -36 RCM (HadCM3) -67 GCM Ensemble Range -73 -1 20 SON RCM (ECHAM4) 12 RCM (HadCM3) -43 Observed mean wind speeds from the ICOADS mean monthly marine surface wind dataset demonstrate increasing trends around Turks and Caicos Islands in all seasons over the period 1960-2006. The increasing trend in mean annual wind speed is 0.34 ms -1 per decade. It is greatest in DJF at the rate of 0.56 ms -1 per decade. Mean wind speeds over Turks and Caicos Islands generally show a very small increase in GCM projections. Projected changes in annual average wind speed range between -0.2 and +0.5 ms -1 by the 2080s across the three emission scenarios. Both increases and decreases are seen in all seasons across the 15-model ensemble. RCM projections based on two driving GCMs lie within the range of changes indicated by the GCM ensemble. RCM simulations project a decrease in wind speed in DJF and increases in MAM and JJA seasons. Driven by ECHAM4, the RCM indicates a very small change in wind speeds in all seasons. Driven by HadCM3, the RCM projects a relatively large decrease of 0.5 ms -1 in DJF wind speed and a large increase of 0.7 ms -1 in JJA wind speed by the 2080s.
Page 1 and 2:
Caribbean Regional Headquarters Has
Page 3 and 4:
4.3.4. Women and Youth in TCI Agric
Page 5 and 6: 6.3. Energy Supply and Distribution
Page 7 and 8: Figure 5.8.2: Relationship status o
Page 9 and 10: Table 4.1.2: Availability of water
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The CARIBSAVE Part
Page 13 and 14: The field work components of the re
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
Page 17 and 18: UKOT ----------------- United Kingd
Page 19 and 20: Overview Of Climate Change Issues I
Page 21 and 22: The field study sites include notab
Page 23 and 24: coastal infrastructure and settleme
Page 25 and 26: Perceptions of vulnerability in the
Page 27 and 28: Energy and Tourism Tourism is an in
Page 29 and 30: Reviewing and considering the feasi
Page 31 and 32: 4. Local watershed management: supp
Page 33 and 34: Given the importance of tourism to
Page 35 and 36: Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity
Page 37 and 38: terrestrial habitats for the purpos
Page 39 and 40: 1. GLOBAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT The
Page 41 and 42: damages from intense climatic condi
Page 43 and 44: 2. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES 2.1. Geog
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.2.1: Gross Domestic Product
Page 47 and 48: Figure 2.2.1 shows a decline in per
Page 49 and 50: oom for expansion of the fin fisher
Page 51 and 52: The CPA points out that the all-inc
Page 53 and 54: Table 3.1.1: Earliest and latest ye
Page 55: GCM projections of future rainfall
Page 59 and 60: Relative humidity data has not been
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.6.1: Observed and GCM proje
Page 63 and 64: Annual Table 3.8.1: Observed and GC
Page 65 and 66: Annual DJF MAM JJA SON Annual DJF M
Page 67 and 68: frequency in the last 1,500 years b
Page 69 and 70: thermal expansion, with only a cons
Page 71 and 72: particularly affected by higher wat
Page 73 and 74: Table 4.1.2: Availability of water
Page 75 and 76: 3). Factors which increase the vuln
Page 77 and 78: 4.2. Energy Supply and Distribution
Page 79 and 80: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Page 81 and 82: Table 4.2.3: Assessment of CO2 emis
Page 83 and 84: Figure 4.2.3: Evolution of electric
Page 85 and 86: - Reduce electricity costs and pric
Page 87 and 88: Figure 4.2.5: Crude oil prices 1869
Page 89 and 90: Climate policy Figure 4.2.6: Fuel c
Page 91 and 92: taxes can also be a highly transpar
Page 93 and 94: number of potential impacts of clim
Page 95 and 96: 4.3. Agriculture and Food Security
Page 97 and 98: Caicos Islands stems from the fact
Page 99 and 100: Table 4.4.1: Selected statistics re
Page 101 and 102: 2000). Thus, despite the fact that
Page 103 and 104: Table 4.4.3: Reported cases of gast
Page 105 and 106: 4.5. Marine and Terrestrial Biodive
Page 107 and 108:
Table 4.5.1: Turks and Caicos Islan
Page 109 and 110:
Status of wetlands Over half of the
Page 111 and 112:
and enforcing adequate coastal setb
Page 113 and 114:
Turtle fishery At least two species
Page 115 and 116:
Vulnerability of coral reefs to cli
Page 117 and 118:
Figure 4.5.4: Unusual amount of Sar
Page 119 and 120:
Figure 4.6.1: Grand Turk, The Turks
Page 121 and 122:
Table 4.6.1: Impacts associated wit
Page 123 and 124:
to identify individual properties,
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 4.6.6: Total beach and land
Page 127 and 128:
the tourism sector as well, since t
Page 129 and 130:
Hurricane Irene (2011) Figure 4.7.2
Page 131 and 132:
4.7.3. Vulnerability of the tourism
Page 133 and 134:
greater burden of care as poorer ho
Page 135 and 136:
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS DIRECT INDIR
Page 137 and 138:
Partnership based on the establishe
Page 139 and 140:
each gender group is of the opinion
Page 141 and 142:
entity. One of the key resources ne
Page 143 and 144:
5. ADAPTIVE CAPACITY PROFILE FOR TH
Page 145 and 146:
The institutional and regulatory fr
Page 147 and 148:
5.1.3. Technology Hydrological and
Page 149 and 150:
equested a rate review to rebalance
Page 151 and 152:
Table 5.2.1: Average weighted emiss
Page 153 and 154:
agree that switching off air condit
Page 155 and 156:
Note: Savings costs of energy effic
Page 157 and 158:
Vast options exist to reduce energy
Page 159 and 160:
5.4. Human Health 5.4.1. Policy The
Page 161 and 162:
Table 5.4.1: Summary effects on the
Page 163 and 164:
weaker social infrastructure. Conti
Page 165 and 166:
end the Turks and Caicos Islands ar
Page 167 and 168:
5.5.3. Technology A high degree of
Page 169 and 170:
Table 5.6.1: Summary of adaptation
Page 171 and 172:
5.6.2. Technology - Soft Engineerin
Page 173 and 174:
5.7. Comprehensive Natural Disaster
Page 175 and 176:
Table 5.7.1: Enhanced Comprehensive
Page 177 and 178:
Related work in needs and vulnerabi
Page 179 and 180:
Early Warning Systems (EWS) An EWS
Page 181 and 182:
50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%
Page 183 and 184:
distributions based on the gender o
Page 185 and 186:
significant differences in househol
Page 187 and 188:
Table 5.8.13: Source of food supply
Page 189 and 190:
45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0%
Page 191 and 192:
Social Protection Provision Table 5
Page 193 and 194:
Table 5.8.24: Sample distribution b
Page 195 and 196:
Subsistence Agricultural land (16%)
Page 197 and 198:
Resource Importance River / Stream
Page 199 and 200:
In the event of a hurricane, 90.3%
Page 201 and 202:
Event Hurricane Flooding Storm Surg
Page 203 and 204:
Table 5.8.37: Household Adaptation
Page 205 and 206:
Assessments focussing on the links
Page 207 and 208:
Provide gender disaggregated data a
Page 209 and 210:
Short Term Actions Reassess water p
Page 211 and 212:
Long Term Actions Pursue the concep
Page 213 and 214:
Area Management Foundation (C-CAM)
Page 215 and 216:
6.8. Comprehensive Natural Disaster
Page 217 and 218:
The Fire Service is government-run,
Page 219 and 220:
7. CONCLUSION 7.1. Climate Modellin
Page 221 and 222:
7.3. Energy Supply and Distribution
Page 223 and 224:
7.7. Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge
Page 225 and 226:
REFERENCES Alcamo, J., Moreno, J. M
Page 227 and 228:
CAREC. (2008a). Caribbean Epidemiol
Page 229 and 230:
Contreras-Lisperguer, R., & de Cuba
Page 231 and 232:
http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUA
Page 233 and 234:
Government of the Turks and Caicos
Page 235 and 236:
Hu, A., Meehl, G., Han, W., & Yin,
Page 237 and 238:
Lime Turks & Caicos Islands. (2011)
Page 239 and 240:
OECD (2010). Taxation, Innovation a
Page 241 and 242:
Stern, N. (2006). The Economics of
Page 243 and 244:
Wetherell, G. (2010). Third Quarter
show all

Turks and Caicos Islands

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?