(Bio)Fueling Injustice? - Europafrica

100
Merian Research and CRBM, “The Vultures of Land Grabbing: The involvement of
European financial companies in large-scale land acquisition abroad“, report for BWP, CRBM,
CCFD, EURODAD, GLOPOLIS and WEED, p. 7. See also Damian Carrington and Stefano
Valentino, “Biofuels boom in Africa as British firms lead rush on land for plantations“, The
Guardian online, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/may/31/biofuel-plantationsafrica-british-firms
(31 May 2011). which mentions: “Expansion of the biofuels industry has
been fuelled by capital raised on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock
Exchange.”
101
D. Pentzlin, R. Tansey, P. de Clerk and H. Burley, “Farming Money: How European banks
and private finance profit from food speculation and land grabs” Friends of the Earth Europe
(January 2012); J. W. van Gelder, “German and multilateral financial institutions in the
bioenergy sector” Platform Sustainable Biomass (April 2009), p. 31.
102
See generally D. Mitchell, Biofuels in Africa: Opportunities, Prospects, and Challenges (The
World Bank, 2011), chapter 6. Some examples can also be found on Rocio A Diaz-Chavez,
“Mapping food and bioenergy in Africa” Report for FARA (May 2010), p. 12 – 15 or Marie-
Hélène Dabat, “Les nouveaux investissements dans les agrocarburants : Quels enjeux pour les
agricultures africaines ?” 237 Afrique contemporaine 97 (2011), p. 100 – 101. See also
generally K. Havnenik, “Grabbing of African lands for energy and food: implications for land
rights, food security and smallholders” in P. B. Matondi and al., Biofuels, land grabbing and
food security in Africa, Zed Books (Uppsala: 2011), p. 70-71.
103
Taye Assefa (ed.), Digest of Ethiopia's national policies, strategies and programs, Forum for
Social Studies (Addis Ababa: 2008), p. 226 – 228.
104
Marie-Hélène Dabat, “Les nouveaux investissements dans les agrocarburants : Quels
enjeux pour les agricultures africaines ?” 237 Afrique contemporaine 97 (2011), p. 101.
105
Friends of the Earth Europe, “Africa: up for grabs“ (June 2010), p. 4.
106
See http://www.faber-abref.org/index_anglais.php
107
http://www.faber-abref.org/objectif.php, author’s translation.
108
Marie-Hélène Dabat, “Les nouveaux investissements dans les agrocarburants : Quels
enjeux pour les agricultures africaines ?” 237 Afrique contemporaine 97 (2011), p. 100.
109
T. Kachika, “Land grabbing in Africa: A Review of the Impacts and the Possible Policy
Responses” Oxfam International Pan Africa Programme (2011), p. 25.
110
M. Dia, “Rapport d’étude de cas de sociétés italiennes s’adonnant à la culture du jatropha”
Conseil National de Concertation et de Coopération des Ruraux (January 2012).
111
The Oakland Institute, “Country Report: Mali” Understanding Land Investment Deals in
Africa (2011).
112
M. Goïta, “Accaparement des terres, un virus dans le fruit de la souveraineté alimentaire en
Afrique de l’ouest : le cas de l’Office du Niger au Mali” Institut de Recherche et de Promotion
des Alternatives en Développement (IRPAD) (October 2010).
113
P. Burnod, H. Papazian, A. Adamczewski, P-M. Bosc, J-P. Tonneau, and J-Y. Jamin
“Régulations des investissements agricoles à grande échelle : Études de Madagascar et du
Mali” 237 Afrique contemporaine (2011).
114
The Oakland Institute, op. cit., p. 6.
115
The Oakland Institute, op. cit., p. 1.
116
P. Burnod, H. Papazian, A. Adamczewski, P-M. Bosc, J-P. Tonneau, and J-Y. Jamin, op.
cit., p. 113 and The Oakland Institute, op. cit., p. 24.
117 The Oakland Institute, op. cit., p. 15.
118 The Oakland Institute, op. cit., p. 7-8.
119 M. Goïta, op. cit.
137