READIT-2007 - Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research

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Role of library and library professionals in present knowledge environment in the field of science and technology Y. S. Parihar* and J. K. Pattnaik * Abstract This paper discusses some of the changes that have taken place in production, growth and distribution of knowledge sources in the field of science and technology. It describes how the information needs, information seeking behavior and expectations of the users have changed due to the change in the media and access tools for retrieving the knowledge sources. It also discusses the role of the library and library professionals in this changing knowledge environment. Keywords: Knowledge environment, Knowledge sources, knowledge users, Information seeking behavior, Information need, Access tools, Library professionals 1. INTRODUCTION Knowledge is defined in Oxford English Dictionary as facts, information, and skill acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive process: perception, learning, communication, association, and reasoning. Knowledge is basically of tree type 1. Tacit knowledge that people carry in their mind, and is , - therefore, difficult to access 2. Descriptive knowledge that is the know-how or procedural knowledge of how, and especially how best, to perform some task 3. Explicit knowledge that has been or can be articulated, codified, and stored in certain media. Explicit knowledge is externalized. Knowledge in science and technology has been created by the scientists by attempting to gain knowledge through the scientific methods such as assumption, hypothesis and theory. This knowledge has been stored as intellectual properties in different information sources such as manuscripts, journals, patents standards, and reports. Though many organizations are trying to capture the tacit as well as the descriptive knowledge through the institutional portal, and knowledge bases but in practice these are still gray areas and do not have bibliographical control. Libraries and information centers have been responsible for management of this knowledge mainly the explicit knowledge which is encrypted in the information resources. Within a generation rapidly evolving computer technology has transformed the nature of publishing, the nature of libraries and the nature of scientific communication itself. With the emergence of ‘electronic publishing, relevance of libraries and librarian are questioned as a key stroke can now bring virtually any publication to the users desktop and print journals may disappear and evolve into a key component of the network . Not only the role of libraries and librarians are questioned, science and technology publishers may be challenged due to the open access movements in electronic publishing. The debate over free access to electronic scientific journals and other knowledge sources is going on globally. People have backed efforts to put * Library, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore-451013 E.mail: ysparihar@cat.ernat.in 37
more science in public domain. Several groups have responded with free web journals financed by page charges paid by authors. The UK government has given biomed central a major boost by agreeing to pay article fee for academic researchers who published in its open access journals, following the researchers to save the usual fee of $ 500/- per articles [2]. The traditional scientific publishers launched a counter offensive arguing that the future of scientific communication-as well as their 3 billion Pounds European publishing industries-is at stake. The European Union (EU) failed to enact mandatory open access policy for self archiving (researchers to make a copy of each paper freely available online perhaps through their institutes website). Though EU did not endorsed a mandate to self archiving, it ask for more study and debate, however the commission agrees, for now in the 14 th February policy statement that it acknowledge that data from publicly funded research should be accessible to all by publishing in public library of science (PLoS) in which authors pay to publish and access is free [3]. This shows that a drastic change has already occurred and the change will continue slowly and steadily in knowledge environment in the area of science and technology. The change in knowledge environment is going to affect many including science and technology libraries and their services, library and information professionals, traditional scientific publishers, the researchers etc. We are concern about the areas that may affect the library services and library and information professionals. Mainly changes in production, growth and distribution or dissemination of information sources have affected library services and role of library and information professionals. 2. CHANGES IN KNOWLEDGE SOURCES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY The major source of knowledge in the field of science and technology are explicit and are available as different types of information sources. Due to change in electronic publishing most of the knowledge sources are available in the form of e- information resources, which is also termed as electronic information or on-line information resource or on-line resources or e-resources and is defined as a broader term that encompasses electronic journals and other full-text materials, indexing and abstracting services, the information of information aggregators, article delivery services etc [7]. Changes in types information resources • Books to e-books: Books are gradually shifting to e-books. A few e-book such as e-books from Springer, Elsevier, Willy etc, SPIE proceedings, AIP proceedings, IEEE proceedings etc are already prevailing in the field of science and technology and many more science and technology publishers are coming up with e-book option. • Journals to on-line journals: Current issues(of limited rolling years) are free with print subscription. Access to Elsevier Science Direct, IEEE journals, Springer journals, Wiley journals is possible through Consortia. Back Issues(on-line archives) of the journals such PROLA(All APS journals), AIP journals, IOP(All IOP Journal before 10 years),OSA 38
Page 1 and 2:
Conference on Recent Advances in In
Page 3 and 4:
CONTENTS INVITED TALKS “Bodhi”
Page 5 and 6: Dr. Sanjay K Kaushik and Vijendra S
Page 7 and 8: Tacit Knowledge Contextual Mental P
Page 9 and 10: documents can become knowledge repo
Page 11 and 12: objects to form a conceptual networ
Page 13 and 14: Global highly competitive fast ch
Page 15 and 16: knowledge would always be packaged
Page 17 and 18: If our human filters are all too mu
Page 19 and 20: 6. Booch, G. (1993). Object-Oriente
Page 21 and 22: development (Balyan, R.K. 2007). Th
Page 23 and 24: 4. NEW FOUND ROLES / RESPONSIBILITI
Page 25 and 26: human resource development in the k
Page 27 and 28: Those librarians who have the neede
Page 29 and 30: of information using formal and inf
Page 31 and 32: high quality information and by net
Page 33 and 34: and underpin information management
Page 35 and 36: everywhere on the Internet, existin
Page 37 and 38: 11. RESOURCES SHARING AND NETWORKIN
Page 39 and 40: influence the organization’s know
Page 41 and 42: KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN DIGITAL INF
Page 43 and 44: Thirdly Knowledge Management promot
Page 45 and 46: 6. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: COMMON AND
Page 47 and 48: 7. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SOLUTION IN
Page 49 and 50: Knowledge and Information Managemen
Page 51 and 52: to a broad collection of organizati
Page 53 and 54: Information technology is a tool fo
Page 55: In the library world, there is a le
Page 59 and 60: Web-of Science which covers Science
Page 61 and 62: Creation of digital contents and in
Page 66 and 67: University Libraries - Metamorphosi
Page 68 and 69: • Management skills - motivating,
Page 70 and 71: KM will play an essential role, and
Page 72 and 73: 4. INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INF
Page 74 and 75: Safety Knowledge Management System
Page 76 and 77: Multimedia Data Mining in Digital L
Page 78 and 79: The Multimedia Data Mining (MDM) is
Page 80 and 81: performed at the global or local le
Page 82 and 83: REFERENCES 1. Sinha, Manojkumar and
Page 84 and 85: - Information explosion - Prolifera
Page 86 and 87: also go together for adding visual
Page 88 and 89: 6.2 Format This refers to the abili
Page 90 and 91: Using Knowledge mapping to support
Page 92 and 93: - Be aware of organizational level
Page 94: application of knowledge providing
Page 99 and 100: By implementing these strategies, t
Page 101 and 102: detectors are suitable for detectin
Page 103 and 104: iii) Response Indicator II. Confirm
Page 105 and 106: 5. CONCLUSION Present day libraries
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The objective of the archives is: 1
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custody and two copies are made for
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DIGITAL PRESERVATION ISSUES AND FAL
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epresentation, provenance, fixity a
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) Technical c) Resource challenges.
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There are many cost factors to cons
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This knowledge would vanish from th
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The key issues were: - Development
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as there would be changes in compet
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Digital Preservation and Online Acc
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Physical deterioration of digital m
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7. POLICIES FOR DIGITIZATION 1. Meg
Page 134 and 135:
Library 2.0: Myth or Reality ? E.So
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Web 1.0 Web 2.0 DoubleClick --> Goo
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and chooses tagging, tag clouds, fo
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and access can be given through com
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writes, injures, defaces, cuts, mut
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to have access to restricted areas.
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Internet Usage by Research Scholars
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Kumar and Amritpal Kaur (2004) 5 st
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whereas fifteen respondents use it
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Fully satisfied Table 12 Satisfacti
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Information Security: The role of D
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Identifier Owner suffix 10-1003 / 0
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is costly affair. However, it is a
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(IR) and providing their own digita
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As per the data of Home Ministry of
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4.8 Cyber Defamation: Cyber defamat
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4.18 Web jacking Forceful taking of
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Under the circumstances, the Librar
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10. CONCLUSION Cyber crimes in Indi
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2. STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES
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Table- 2: Library Network facilitie
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Table- 4: OPAC / Web OPAC Facilitie
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6.6 Electronic surveillance Librari
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Knowledge Management in Academic In
Page 184 and 185:
summarizes evolution of Knowledge M
Page 186 and 187:
To prove their relevance and value,
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functions of the organization. Patr
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Knowledge Communication in Academic
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y way of conferring it the status o
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through face-to-face conversation.
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hurdles. Instant message are delive
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Knowledge communication network of
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As KM and learning activities for o
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• Operation personnel are require
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Figure-2: Home page for Centralised
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Glossary Development Figure-4: Home
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Extension of Qualification Systems
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Nuclear Knowledge Management (NKM)
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Knowledge Sharing Environment (1) B
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already possess it. As those worker
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- identify critical “at risk” k
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open literature, content and TOC cr
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FROM MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL K
Page 222 and 223:
Organizational Knowledge Organizati
Page 224 and 225:
Central Repository Data + Informati
Page 226 and 227:
The infrastructure based approach i
Page 228 and 229:
The ‘System Quality’ refers to
Page 230 and 231:
KNOWLEDGE: A MARKETABLE COMMODITY A
Page 232 and 233:
APPLYING E-COMMERCE TO E-LEARNING E
Page 234 and 235:
Role of Libraries in the Knowledge
Page 236 and 237:
their scholars to post their articl
Page 238 and 239:
Author Index Amudhavalli, A., 143 A
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