ICT and e-Business in the Pulp, Paper and Paper ... - empirica

Pulp, paper and paper products
RFID
S/MIME
SCM
Sector
Secure server
technology
SIGs
SME
SOAP
SSL
Standard
Transaction
UMTS
UN/EDIFACT
Value added
VMI
VoIP
VPN
WAN
WAP
Radio Frequency Identification. A wireless technology which is used to uniquely identify
an object, animal, or person. RFID is coming into increasing use in industry as an
alternative to the bar code. The advantage of RFID is that it does not require direct
contact or line-of-sight scanning.
Secure/MIME, a version of the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, a specification for
formatting graphics, video and audio files so that they can be sent over the Internet.
Supply Chain Management. Software that helps businesses to match supply and
demand through integrated and collaborative planning tools.
Sectors of the economy with comparable business activities. These constitute the main
research unit of the e-Business W@tch. Aggregated information at the industry level is
used to document the diffusion of activities within the industries as well as the overall
importance of the observed phenomena for changes in the economy as a whole. The
definition of sectors follows NACE Rev.1.1 classifications.
Secure server technology means that data exchange between computers is based on
certain technical standards or protocols, for example "Secure Sockets Layer" (SSL).
Segment Implementation Groups
Small and medium-sized enterprises with 0-249 employees. To be classified as an SME,
an enterprise has to satisfy the criteria for the number of employees and one of the two
financial criteria, i.e. either the turnover total or the balance sheet total. In addition, it
must be independent, which means less than 25% owned by one enterprise (or jointly by
several enterprises) falling outside the definition of an SME or a micro-enterprise,
whichever may apply. The thresholds for the turnover and the balance sheet total will be
adjusted regularly, to take account of changing economic circumstances in Europe.
XML based lightweight protocol for exchange of information in a decentralized,
distributed environment (http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE-SOAP-20000508/)
Secure Sockets Layer. A commonly-used protocol for managing the security of a
message transmission on the internet. SSL has recently been succeeded by Transport
Layer Security (TLS), which is based on SSL.
A standard is a technical specification approved by a recognised standardisation body
for repeated or continuous application, with which compliance is not compulsory.
Electronic transactions can be subdivided into several steps, each of which initiates a
process. There are pre-sale (or pre-purchase) phases, sale and after-sale phases.
Typically a transaction starts with information gathering, price and quality comparisons
and possibly pre-sale negotiations. During the sale phase contracting and delivery are
the core processes, and payment is the final stage of this phase. After-purchase
transaction stages comprise customer service, the administration of credit payments and
the handling of returns as well as marketing activities preparing for the next purchase.
Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service. A third-generation (3G) digital standard
for mobile communication, enabling packet-based transmission of voice, text and video
at data rates up to 2 megabits per second (Mbps).
United Nations rules for Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and
Transport http://www.unece.org/cefact/
Gross output minus intermediate inputs. It is valued at producers’ prices and includes all
indirect taxes, but excludes VAT and subsidies.
Vendor Managed Inventory
Voice over Internet Protocol (IP). The use of telephony services over internet networks,
by means of digitised voice transfer technology.
Virtual Private Network. A way to use a public telecommunication infrastructure, such as
the internet, to provide remote offices or individual users with secure access to their
organisation's network.
Wide Area Network. A network allowing the interconnection and intercommunication of a
group of computers over a long distance.
Wireless Application Protocol. A communication protocol for delivering data over mobile
telephone systems, allowing cellular phone sets and other mobile hand-set systems to
access WWW pages and other wireless services.
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