Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

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IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings It is recommended to use the same functional unit as for the energy performance assessment (e.g. per “conditioned gross floor area and year” in Austria). Benchmarks could be set on national level e.g. based on a range of assessed buildings or on political targets. 2.4. Daylighting Daylighting and lighting related issues are recognized as relevant comfort and health topics in most of the analysed building assessment systems for residential buildings (see chapter 9.9 Summary and Conclusions Daylighting, Table 17). Daylight factor is the only indicator common to almost all systems, although definition, calculation methods and benchmarks may vary. Daylight factor requirements can be defined either as point or average daylight factor(s) (for relevant rooms of dwellings) or averaged over the whole (or a defined percentage of the) net floor area of a building. Optimisation strategies are more effective if rooms / dwelling units are considered separately and the overall rating is based on an arithmetical mean value of single scores of all dwelling units. Net floor area based ratings consider all rooms independently of their functions and daylight requirements ignoring the fact that darker zones are acceptable for retreat areas, corridors, bathrooms, etc. Daylight has to be complemented by an indicator assessing the daylight availability on site considering latitude, orientation and access to direct sunlight. Sun-drenched rooms are one of the most important purchasing criteria for consumers. Access to direct sunlight in dwelling units can be evaluated by parameters such as sun hours per day especially in wintertime (at low positions of the sun). By this means, criteria like “views out” and “direct sky light” are automatically fulfilled. As for northern latitudes the optimization potential for winter sun is limited, it is recommended to define regional benchmarks adapted to country-specific conditions. Glare control (for balanced luminance distribution in the visual field) is of greater significance for office buildings, rooms with workstations, schools, etc. and need not generally to be integrated in an indicator-catalogue tailored for residential buildings (apart from mixed use or southern European countries with higher solar radiation). Lighting control is not considered to be an important indicator for residential buildings. The authors recommend to assess the geometric prerequisites of the building (by defining a minimum point daylight factor in living rooms in order to ease verification) as well as direct sunlight in the dwelling units (by using sun hours in winter-time) for the rating of the visual quality of residential buildings. These indicators can be complemented by glare control measures in southern European countries. Final Report 10 31 03 2011
IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings 2.5. Construction Site Management Construction site activities are responsible for environmental impacts especially at a local level (e.g. soil erosion, soil contamination, loss of biodiversity, air pollution, waste) and nuisances such as dust and noise (caused by traffic from and to the building site, construction machines, etc.). The analysed building assessment systems refer to similar impacts caused by building site activities (construction waste, noise, dust, environmental impacts to soil, water), but use different indicators for rating them (see chapter 10.7 Conclusions and Summary – Construction Site Management, Table 21). Ratings differ in scope and subject of assessment, extent of impact and groups affected by the considered impact. CSH, the Code for Sustainable Homes offers the most comprehensive evaluation for construction sites using an established third-party certification scheme of the construction industry (“Considerate Constructors”) to detect and assess all relevant impacts of construction site activities including operational safety and health protection measures and cleanliness of site as well as information policy and a code of behaviour for operatives. Besides this certification scheme, CSH additionally awards the ecological value of site and its conservation, monitoring of energy and water consumption of building site activities and responsibly resourcing of construction timber. The analysis of different building assessment systems shows two different approaches in defining criteria to minimise these effects: - Process-oriented ratings (i. e. existence of Quality Management Systems, experience of designers in waste reduction, implementation of Environmental Management Systems or other certification schemes by constructors). These criteria aim at a continuous improvement of processes on the construction site, but do not guarantee the fulfilment of definite objectives. - Target-oriented ratings: require specific measures to be set on construction site and provide detailed information to achieve defined target values or levels of quality. The authors recommend preferring target values which allow clear benchmarks and comparison of rating results achieved in different projects. The main issues of concern as defined in most of the analysed environmental building assessment systems are the following: - avoidance of traffic related emissions and noise attenuation through building logistic management: - lowering the truck traffic volume to and from the site, - using alternative means of transports, - claiming obligatory documentation of all transports to and from site), - use of low-emitting and low-noise trucks and construction machinery complying with ecolabel criteria (e. g. blue angel 6 ) - dust attenuation - wetting of the waste groups during reloading, 6 Low-Noise Construction Machinery (RAL-UZ 53): Basic Criteria for Award of the Environmental Label “Der blaue Engel” (ed. RAL German Institute for Quality Assurance and Certification, Febr. 2007) Final Report 11 31 03 2011
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Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

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