Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings
- referring either to EN ISO 13790 50 (in this case uniform calculation parameters have
to be defined where national adaptations are allowed in principle 51 to guarantee the
comparability of calculated figures for an EU-wide labelling of buildings)
- or the reference is the PHPP calculation method (Passive House Planning Package
2007) following the guidelines of the Passive House Institute Darmstadt.
Defining benchmarks for rating, an EU-wide Eco-label must not neglect regional climate
conditions (heating/cooling degree days, solar radiation, etc.). A differentiation into at least
three zones (cold, moderate and warm climate zones 52 ) within Europe is recommended.
b) Delivered energy (including efficiency of HVAC systems)
The delivered energy for each energy carrier should be part of any consumer-oriented
assessment system (rated in both absolute figures and in comparison to similar building
services to be able to assess the energy efficiency of the system(s) installed). The delivered
energy (defined as the final energy demand lowered by the gains of (solar) plants on the
building site) is of significant relevance for the prospective buyer or tenant of a building or
building unit. Energy costs are based on the delivered energy (to the building or building unit)
including losses and gains of all HVAC systems installed (calculation is based on
standardised conditions for user behaviour and climate and usually includes all energy
services).
Power consumption for domestic appliances is not always included in the calculation
methods of the final or delivered energy demand or, if taken into account, it is calculated only
by default values as electrical appliances are usually not provided by the builders. However,
home owners or tenants should at least be informed about the savings potential through
energy-efficient domestic appliances (e.g. via energylabel, user guides, web links etc.).
c) Primary energy demand (restricted to the operational phase)
Delivered energy is an appropriate informative parameter for consumers but not sufficient as
ecological key indicator for the whole energy consumption of the building sector. Important
relevant energy generation processes are excluded from consideration. Energy scarcity and
the upstream processes to generate energy delivered to the final consumer cannot be
neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to include primary energy into a comprehensive building
assessment method. Additionally, the authors recommend to rate renewable and nonrenewable
energy consumption separately, since availability and renewability of resources is
an important ecological aspect. This can be done by rating the primary energy demand of
non-renewable resources or by assessing both the total primary energy demand and the
share of renewable resources.
50 EN ISO 13790: 2008 Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy use for space heating and
cooling
51 E.g. method of calculation (monthly balance/ heating (cooling) period balance, simplified or detailed hour-based
simulation). internal gains from electrical appliances, etc. Climate data (heating degree days, solar radiation) and
corresponding parameters (e.g. length of heating period) have to be defined regionally as consequence of
methodology.
52 Cold: above 4200 heating degree days, moderate: between 2200 and 4200 heating degree days and warm:
below 2200 heating degree days per year (according to the study Boyano, A.; Wolf, O.; “Analysis and evaluation
of 3 rd draft criteria for Buildings and next steps: The application of the Ecolabel Regulation (EC66/2010) to
Buildings: Draft Preleminary Study Task 1: Product Group Definition and Priorization Analysis of Previous Draft
Criteria Studies (ed. JRC Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, October 2010)
Final Report 80 31 03 2011