Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

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IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings CDD…Cooling Degree Days, HDD…Heating Degree Days Source: Laustsen, J.; Energy Efficiency Requirements in Building Codes, Energy Efficiency Policies for New Buildings (IEA InformationPaper in Support of the G8 Plan of Action, March 2008), p. 44 Example: Air Infiltration (reduced envelope leakage) 32 IECC climate zones 1 - 2 3 - 4 5 - 7 8 US unit [Ach50 – value for air change at 50 Pa] Reduced envelope leakage (mandatory) Greatly reduced envelope leakage (optional) Minimal envelope leakage (optional) [Ach50] 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 [Ach50] 4.0 4.25 3.5 2.75 [Ach50] 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 For comparison: the German passive house standard defines 0.6 Ach50 as mandatory value for the airtightness of the thermal building envelope. DIN 4108-7 33 requires 3.0 Ach50 for new buildings (without mechanical ventilation systems) and 1.5 Ach50 for new buildings (with mechanical ventilation systems). Measurements have to be made in compliance with EN 13829 34 . Example Windows: ENERGY STAR requirements for windows and glass doors 35 ENERGY STAR zone Northern North Central South Southern Central Mostly Heating Heating & Cooling Heating & Cooling Mostly Cooling US units: U-factor (whole window, including glazing, frame and spacers) [Btu/(ft²·F·h)] 36 Good windows U-factor
IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings The primary energy requirement of the building including all upstream processes of energy generation and raw materials extraction for the delivery of energy are not considered in “LEED for Homes”. Greenhouse gas emissions from energy processes (for the operation of buildings – heating, ventilation, cooling, etc.) are not explicitly assessed. Corresponding LCA indicators are only considered in conjunction with the use of non-HCFC-refrigerants or refrigerants with low GWP (global warming potential) and/or ODP (ozone depletion potential) for HVAC-systems and renewable electricity generation systems. Optimisation measures are restricted either to the main causes of pollutant emissions (HCFC, products with high GWP and/or ODP) or to electricity applications and therefore offer only a limited range of possible further measures (use of renewable energy for heating, hot water preparation, passive cooling systems, night venting, etc.) An overall assessment of the whole lifetime from cradle to grave or cradle to cradle (including energy for the production of materials, the construction process, maintenance and refurbishment cycles and disposal or re-use at the end of life-time) is not included in LEED. LEED for Homes’ energy criteria will be revised till 2012, following the new ENERGY STAR for Homes Version 3 (edited in 2011). LEED-NC v2009 The more comprehensive criteria catalogue of LEED-NC v2009 which is primarily applicable for commercial and institutional buildings and high-rise residential buildings of all sizes deepens the energy indicators. Additionally, the commissioning of building energy systems and the implementation of a measurement and verification (M&V) plan (including meter specifications) are required for more complex buildings (compared to single-family houses and small residential buildings up to three storeys). The period of measurement and verification must cover at least 1 year of post-construction occupancy and corrective actions have to be taken if the energy savings are not being reached. Renewable Energy Sources Furthermore, the use of green power is awarded which means that the grid-source is based on renewable energy technologies on a net zero pollution basis. At least 35% of the building’s electricity must be provided from on- or off-site renewable sources (all purchases shall be based on the quantity of energy consumed, not the cost) and the energy contract has to last a minimum of two years. The renewable energy (e.g. solar, water, wind, biomass, and geothermal sources) must be certified as green by the Green-e Energy program or its equivalent (http://www.green-e.org). Contrary to LEED for Homes, credits can also be earned for energy produced from on-site renewable sources as a percentage of the building’s annual energy cost, the range of assessment starts from 1% up to 13% renewable energy from on-site sources (which means “located within the project site”). A higher percentage than 13% (besides green power) does not earn more points. Best level could be more ambitious as European building assessment Final Report 71 31 03 2011
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Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

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