Environmental and health related criteria for buildings - ANEC

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IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings 4. BUILDING ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS AND RELATED INITIATIVES Existing marketable environmental building assessment methods differ in structure, extent, scope and range of assessment. The following chapters give a short overview of widely used comprehensive building assessment methods in Europe, national as well as cross-national systems and new developments. It starts with an introduction to the structure of building assessment methods and an historical overview. 4.1. Structure of Building Assessment Methods Building assessment methods usually comprise - the explanation of overall objectives and target groups - the definition of categories (sub-categories), criteria and indicators - the definition of the rating system and range of assessment (passed, highest level) - schedule of evidence (to demonstrate compliance with the criteria defined above) - assessment result(s) of the building (in detail for all indicators and aggregated to overall result) The main target of building assessment methods may be e.g. social, economic and ecological sustainability, cost-efficiency within the life cycle, reduction of CO 2 emissions, improvement of working and living environment, stability of value of the property, etc. Detailed objectives can be explained for each criterion assessed. The overall aim conditions focus and scope of the building assessment, total sum and weighting of indicators. A building assessment system comprises analytical elements and valuation elements including value ratings. The following table briefly explains the basic elements of an assessment method: Elements Description Examples Analytical elements Criteria Categories / Subcategories Indicators Criteria define general characteristics of buildings. Similar criteria may be summarized to categories and sub-categories. Indicators specify criteria. They transform the information about buildings into figures or standardized descriptions making the evidence comparable. Reduction of CO 2 Emissions, Accessibility of Public Transport, Avoidance of VOC Emissions Category: Health and Wellbeing Subcategory: Indoor Air Quality Criterion: Avoidance of VOC Emissions Quantitative indicators use of potable water: l/(Person,a) transport: total sum of ton-km (from production place to construction site) via trucks Qualitative indicators Green space planning Final Report 22 31 03 2011
IBO - Environmental and Health related Criteria for Buildings Elements Description Examples Schedule of evidence The evidence required and measuring methods have to be defined for each (sub)-criterion to be able to assess a specific development. Calculations of the daylight factor, Energy Performance Certificate, design drawings, etc. Valuation elements Objectives Valuation Weighting Aggregation Objectives give an overview of the intent of the assessment method, may vary depending on the target group and ease the choice for a specific assessment method. Objectives may be defined in general or for each criterion assessed in form of measurable target values. A degree of achievement can be defined for each indicator in relation to the objectives and the corresponding results can be reviewed in a rating of the building. The weighting defines the relevance of the criterion assessed within the whole criteria catalogue. The results of the detailed assessment of indicators are aggregated to one descriptive or quantitative result. Table 3: Basic elements of assessment methods for buildings Quantitative objectives: Primary energy demand 3%, etc. Qualitative objectives: conservation of biodiversity on site, avoidance of natural risks, etc. For each criterion, a rating scale or benchmarks may be defined (e.g. best assessment – average – passed). The definition of weighting factors may vary depending on the assessment system (e.g. % of total score) 75 of 100 credits, passed, excellent, bronze/silver/gold Final Report 23 31 03 2011
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