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182 Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe Site: Institute for New Materials (INM) Im Stadtwald - Gebäude 43 D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany Tel: (49) 681-9300 312/313; Fax: (49) 681-9300 223 http://www.inm-gmbh.de/ Date Visited: 13 October 1997 WTEC: Hosts: J. Mendel (report author) Prof. Dr. Rudiger Nass (principal contact), Head of Ceramics Department Dr. Rolf Clasen, Director, Department of Glass Technology BACKGROUND Founded in 1988, the Institute for New Materials (INM) is located within the University of the Saarland. Currently, the Institute has 280 scientists and technologists who develop new materials that industry will need for the future. The institute’s purpose is to further the utilization of new high technology materials on a large scale. It is a nonprofit limited liability company with institutional sponsorship. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT HIGHLIGHTS At INM, research and development comprises basic research on highly innovative, high risk, long term programs as a basis for new technologies. The goal is to reduce the cycle time of 10-15-year programs (concept to commercialization). Products and processes are developed in close cooperation with industrial partners, who often provide the necessary financing. Since 1990, INM follows the scientific approach of integrating inorganic synthesis with chemical nanotechnology. In addition to metals, nonmetal inorganic materials, and organic polymers of a singular nature, it is now possible to produce chemical composite materials on the molecular and nanoscale level. Processes such as sol-gel are used, in which liquid starting materials are utilized at low temperatures for nanoscale metal, ceramic, glass, and semiconductor particles. INM cites these high-interest features for preparing new materials as nanoparticles: • small enough not to scatter light
Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe 183 • quantum effects—intrinsic properties of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles—for tailoring new properties • large interfaces resulting from dispersion in a matrix so as to add another dimension for property tailoring Specific Project Highlights Dr. Rolf Clasen is currently preparing glass powders via the colloidal gel route. The advantages for this process are high purity powders. Also in this same laboratory the following efforts are taking place: • forming compacts of submicron silica particles by electrostatic deposition • sintering behavior of submicron silica particles • preparation of high purity silica glass tubes by centrifugal casting of colloidal gels Role of Nanostructure Science within INM INM is focusing on four basic areas for spin-off and adaptation towards commercialization: 1. New functional surfaces with nanomers: included are properties such as corrosion protection, wettability, coloration, micropatterned surfaces, porosity, or the ability for selective absorption of molecules. 2. New materials for optical applications: properties of lasers and ceramics are combined with those of polymers. Such features as optical filters, transparent conducting layers, materials for optical telecommunications, photochromic layers, and holographic image storage are under investigation. 3. Ceramic technologies: a simple precipitation process such as sol-gel provides for pilot-scale production of agglomerate-free powder. 4. Glass technologies: chemical incorporation of metal colloids with intelligent properties into glasslike structures are clearly possible. Equipment INM has available the following characterization tools: 1. HR-TEM 7. X-Ray Diffractometry 2. HR-SEM 8. GC/MS 3. EDXS 9. Laser Lab 4. AFM 10. Rheology Analyzing System 5. NMR 11. Mechanical Material Testing Facilities 6. SAXS 12. Optical Testing Services
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National Science and Technology Cou
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WTEC Panel on NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE
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ABSTRACT This report reviews the st
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Foreword Timely information on scie
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Foreword iii collaboration and thus
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Contents Foreword Table of Contents
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List of Figures 1.1 Organization of
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List of Figures ix 5.12 Granular GM
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List of Tables ES.1 Technological I
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Executive Summary Richard W. Siegel
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Executive Summary xix past decade,
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Executive Summary xxi TABLE ES.2. C
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Executive Summary xxiii blocks, and
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
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1. Introduction and Overview 3 •
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1. Introduction and Overview 5 worl
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1. Introduction and Overview 7 grow
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1. Introduction and Overview 9 lead
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1. Introduction and Overview 11 2.
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1. Introduction and Overview 13 It
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Ev
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 17 transi
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 19 probe
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 21 by adj
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 23 blocks
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 25 Self-A
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 27 Figure
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 29 us to
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 31 Brotzm
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 33 Siegel
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Chapter 3 Dispersions and Coatings
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 37 exis
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 39 more
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 41 into
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 43 of N
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 45 oppo
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 47 Kanz
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Chapter 4 High Surface Area Materia
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4. High Surface Area Materials 51 w
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4. High Surface Area Materials 53 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 55 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 57 s
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4. High Surface Area Materials 59 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 61 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 63 m
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4. High Surface Area Materials 65 I
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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5. Functional Nanoscale Devices 69
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured
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Chapter 7 Biologically Related Aspe
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7. Biologically Related Aspects of
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Page 177 and 178: APPENDICES Appendix A. Biographies
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Appendix D. Site Reports—Japan OV
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Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan O
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Appendix F. Glossary 2DEG A/D AAAR
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Appendix F. Glossary 329 ESPRIT ESR
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Appendix F. Glossary 331 MA MBE mCP
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Appendix F. Glossary 333 PVDF QCA Q
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Appendix F. Glossary 335 WTEC XAS X
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