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254 Appendix D. Site Reports—Japan spoke, including junior professors, thought that this policy worked quite well. Research at IMS that falls within the scope of this report is in the general category of synthesis of novel materials, some with inspiration from biology and some with biomolecules as the building blocks. Most of the work that involves nanoparticles involves some form of organometallic chemistry. The hallmarks of the research are two-fold: creativity, and the soundness by which the new materials are characterized and evaluated. Much of the research the WTEC team saw on this visit has been published in high quality journals such as Nature and the Journal of the American Chemical Society, attesting to the international reputation of IMS and the high quality of the research. Several of the faculty members have good collaborations with other scientists in Japan. One has an ongoing and productive NSF-funded collaboration with the University of Rochester, and another introduced the visiting WTEC team member to a visiting researcher, on leave from Emory University, who was spending six months in his lab. Japan seems to be in a leadership role in the production of metallofullerenes. IMS has a large-scale facility for producing fullerenes, and Prof. Kato has been successful in producing C 82 that contains Sc, Y, and La inside the cage structure. Kato is now using the metal inside the fullerene as a way to “tune” the reactivity of the outside. For example, he has shown how LaC 82 can be reacted with disilanes and diazo compounds to form adducts. A combination of electron spin resonance (ESR) and theory is being used to explain the reactivity of the precursor and the products obtained. One could imagine how this ground-up assembly of nanomaterials could be polymerized to produce larger molecules with novel properties. Another area of research involves the characterization of magnetic transport and optical properties in phthallocyanines (Pc). Of special interest is PtPc(AsF 6 ) 0.5 , whose transport properties are being studied under high pressure. Prof. Shionoya, a very young full Professor who recently came to IMS from Hiroshima University, is using novel combinations of DNA, metal ligands, DNA templating, and proteins to produce molecular wires and molecular hoops through which DNA could be threaded. He is also using double-stranded peptides whose helix pitch could be controlled by an entrained copper that could be induced to go from Cu(I) tetrahedral to Cu(II) square planar , perhaps by electrons delivered by an STM tip. Figure 7.6 (p. 123) summarizes Prof. Shionoya’s vision of how bioinspiration could be used to produce nanodevices. In a very creative and careful series of single point mutations, Prof. Watanabe has uncovered evidence for, and verified the existence of a “pushpull” mechanism for cytochrome C peroxidase. This was done by drawing
Appendix D. Site Reports—Japan 255 an analogy between peroxidase and cytochrome P-450, and using insights gleaned from similarities in the active site. Finally, Prof. Fujita’s work involves the approach of using self-assembly by transition metals to form organized large structures. He has been able to make various nanocages, which have potential applications for controlled drug release. He has also used three-dimensional organometallic cage compounds to achieve a “ship-in-a-bottle” synthesis of organic molecules and is currently producing nanostructured molecules with larger cavities than have ever been made before.
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National Science and Technology Cou
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WTEC Panel on NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE
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ABSTRACT This report reviews the st
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Foreword Timely information on scie
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Foreword iii collaboration and thus
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Contents Foreword Table of Contents
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List of Figures 1.1 Organization of
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List of Figures ix 5.12 Granular GM
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List of Tables ES.1 Technological I
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Executive Summary Richard W. Siegel
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Executive Summary xix past decade,
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Executive Summary xxi TABLE ES.2. C
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Executive Summary xxiii blocks, and
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
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1. Introduction and Overview 3 •
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1. Introduction and Overview 5 worl
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1. Introduction and Overview 7 grow
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1. Introduction and Overview 9 lead
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1. Introduction and Overview 11 2.
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1. Introduction and Overview 13 It
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Ev
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 17 transi
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 19 probe
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 21 by adj
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 23 blocks
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 25 Self-A
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 27 Figure
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 29 us to
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 31 Brotzm
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 33 Siegel
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Chapter 3 Dispersions and Coatings
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 37 exis
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 39 more
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 41 into
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 43 of N
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 45 oppo
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 47 Kanz
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Chapter 4 High Surface Area Materia
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4. High Surface Area Materials 51 w
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4. High Surface Area Materials 53 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 55 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 57 s
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4. High Surface Area Materials 59 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 61 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 63 m
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4. High Surface Area Materials 65 I
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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5. Functional Nanoscale Devices 69
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured
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Chapter 7 Biologically Related Aspe
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7. Biologically Related Aspects of
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Chapter 8 Research Programs on Nano
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8. Research Programs on Nanotechnol
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APPENDICES Appendix A. Biographies
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Appendix A. Biographies of Panelist
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe S
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe 1
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Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan O
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Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan 3
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Appendix F. Glossary 2DEG A/D AAAR
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Appendix F. Glossary 329 ESPRIT ESR
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Appendix F. Glossary 331 MA MBE mCP
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Appendix F. Glossary 333 PVDF QCA Q
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Appendix F. Glossary 335 WTEC XAS X
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