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224 Appendix C. European Roundtable Discussions Prof. Dr. Manfred Rühle The main thrust of Prof. Rühle’s group is use of state-of-the-art analytical tools to study materials and thin film microstructures and interfaces. One major goal of the research is to correlate chemical composition and microstructure of materials to their macroscopic properties. In this context, it is of fundamental interest to quantitatively investigate and model the growth, atomistic structure, and bonding at interfaces of both real materials and model systems. Such model systems are fabricated by different techniques, like ultrahigh vacuum diffusion bonding and molecular beam epitaxy. Major research activities are concentrated on electron microscopy and interfacial research. Analysis is carried out with tools such as HRTEM, analytical electron microscopy (AEM), and surface science techniques. Interfaces of these material systems have been studied both experimentally and theoretically: grain boundaries in metals, intermetallics and complex oxides, and metal/ceramic phase boundaries, including the following: metal/metal: NiAl/NiAl Cu/Cu metal/ceramic Nb, Cu/Al 2 O 3 Al, Ag/MgAl 2 O 4 Pd, Cu/SrTiO 3 ceramic/ceramic Al 2 O 3 /Al 2 O 3 SrTiO 3 /SrTiO 3 Major research interests include those listed below: 1. processing of clean and well-defined surfaces and interfaces by diffusion bonding and MBE 2. growth and surface studies by modern techniques of surface science 3. quantitative investigation of materials, interfaces, and solid state reactions by high resolution (transmission) electron microscopy (HREM), analytical electron microscopy (AEM), and energy filtered convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) 4. refined quantifications of results from electron microscopy investigations by methodical developments 5. computer simulation of boundary structures and bonding at interfaces by different techniques (e.g., ab initio methods) Dr. P. Redlich Dr. Redlich is also in Prof. Rühle’s institute. His research interests are in the field of carbon nanofibers. Institute researchers use arc-discharge methods to synthesize their carbon nanotubes. They are also studying chemically modified C nanotubes. Using BC 4 N as an anode they obtain a new material. They use HRTEM and EELS to characterize their materials. The interdisciplinary approach to these studies is emphasized with collaborations with experts in synthesis and characterization within MPI, Germany, and the United States.
Appendix C. European Roundtable Discussions 225 University of Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 45, D-89081 Ulm, Germany http://www.uni-ulm.de Prof. Dr. Peter Unger http://www-opto.e-technik.uni-ulm.de/index-e.html Dr. Unger is in the Department of Optoelectronics of the University of Ulm (K.J. Ebeling, Director). Research topics in the university include vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), Gbit data transmission using VCSELs, high-power semiconductor lasers, and nitride-based semiconductors (for LEDs, lasers). The funding of this research comes from the German Ministry of Education, Science, Research, and Technology (BMBF), Baden-Württemberg, German Research Society (DFG), the European Union, and industry (Siemens, Daimler-Benz, Telekom). The equipment used includes MBE (for GaAs, AlGaAs, InGaAs), GSMBE (for InP, GaInAsP, AlGaInP) and MOVPE (and GSMBE) for GaN, InGaN, and AlGaN. Lithography is both optical and e-beam, and dry etching is by RIE, CAIBE. Nanotechnology studies include epitaxial growth (quantum wells, nanometer accuracy, nanometer reproducibility) and lithography and dry etching (holograms, waveguides, and laser mirrors). No structures have nanometer-scale dimensions, but they do have nanometer-scale definition, accuracy, and side wall roughness. Prof. Dr. Hans-Jorg Fecht Dr. Fecht is in the Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electronic Materials/Materials Science. Dr. Fecht has a number of basic research and applied research projects, many of which involve nanoscale science and technology. The per-year funding level is about $1.2 million. Eight projects are of particular interest for nanostructured materials research: 1. structure and properties of nanocrystalline (nc) materials prepared by cyclic mechanical deformation 2. high temperature mechanical properties of ceramic thermal barrier coatings 3. tomographic nanoanalytical microprobe/field ion microscopy 4. small angle neutron scattering of nanostructured materials 5. optimization of the wheel/rail contact for high speed trains— development of new steels that are more prone to the formation of nc surface layers due to friction-induced wear, as well as testing of nc coating technologies
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National Science and Technology Cou
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WTEC Panel on NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE
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ABSTRACT This report reviews the st
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Foreword Timely information on scie
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Foreword iii collaboration and thus
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Contents Foreword Table of Contents
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List of Figures 1.1 Organization of
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List of Figures ix 5.12 Granular GM
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List of Tables ES.1 Technological I
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Executive Summary Richard W. Siegel
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Executive Summary xix past decade,
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Executive Summary xxi TABLE ES.2. C
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Executive Summary xxiii blocks, and
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
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1. Introduction and Overview 3 •
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1. Introduction and Overview 5 worl
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1. Introduction and Overview 7 grow
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1. Introduction and Overview 9 lead
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1. Introduction and Overview 11 2.
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1. Introduction and Overview 13 It
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Ev
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 17 transi
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 19 probe
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 21 by adj
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 23 blocks
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 25 Self-A
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 27 Figure
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 29 us to
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 31 Brotzm
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 33 Siegel
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Chapter 3 Dispersions and Coatings
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 37 exis
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 39 more
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 41 into
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 43 of N
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 45 oppo
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 47 Kanz
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Chapter 4 High Surface Area Materia
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4. High Surface Area Materials 51 w
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4. High Surface Area Materials 53 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 55 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 57 s
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4. High Surface Area Materials 59 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 61 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 63 m
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4. High Surface Area Materials 65 I
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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5. Functional Nanoscale Devices 69
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured
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Chapter 7 Biologically Related Aspe
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7. Biologically Related Aspects of
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Chapter 8 Research Programs on Nano
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8. Research Programs on Nanotechnol
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APPENDICES Appendix A. Biographies
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Appendix A. Biographies of Panelist
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe S
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe 1
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Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan O
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Appendix F. Glossary 2DEG A/D AAAR
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Appendix F. Glossary 329 ESPRIT ESR
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Appendix F. Glossary 331 MA MBE mCP
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Appendix F. Glossary 333 PVDF QCA Q
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Appendix F. Glossary 335 WTEC XAS X
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