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192 Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe nanostructured materials, interacting broadly with a number of collaborators, both in Europe and the United States. Nanostructured materials are synthesized by inert gas condensation (IGC), and evaluations of such materials are made with respect to structural, magnetic (e.g., for Fe, Co, Ni), mechanical, and electronic (Pd, Pt) properties. Molecular dynamics computer simulations of structural and mechanical properties are carried out in order to explore conditions for improved materials properties, such as ductility or wear-resistance. Research is being undertaken with industrial collaborators in this last area (nanoscaled multilayered coatings for wearresistant coatings). In addition to SINQ, the Large Facilities Department of PSI makes available its IGC facility, hot compaction unit, indenter, X-ray diffraction and density measurements, small angle neutron scattering, prompt gamma activation analysis, TEM, and SEM with EDX. SQUID and NMR are carried out in the laboratories of collaborators at École Polytechnique Lausanne, and positron lifetime measurements are made at the University of Gent. REFERENCE Gimzerski, J.K., T.A. Jung, M.T. Cuberes, and R.R. Schlittler. Scanning tunneling microscopy of individual molecules: Beyond imaging.
Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe 193 Site: Philips Research Laboratories Prof. Holstlaan 4 5656 AA Eindhoven, The Netherlands Tel: (31) 40-27-42577; Fax: (31) 40-27-44282 Date Visited: 16 October 1997 WTEC: Hosts: D.T. Shaw (report author), H. Goronkin, M.C. Roco Dr. L.G.J. Fokkink, Department Head, Physical Chemistry Dr. Mark J. VanBommel, Senior Scientist in Inorganic Materials and Processing Dr. A.W.M. (Ton) deLaat, Colloidal Chemist Dr. Erik A. Meulenkamp, Research Scientist, Department of Physical Chemistry Dr. Bianca M.I. van der Zande BACKGROUND Philips is one of the most important manufacturers of electronic consumer products in Europe, with annual sales of more than $40 billion. Roughly 70% of the Philips research comes from contracts from the company’s product division; the rest is devoted to exploratory research, which typically does not lead to commercial products within three years. Among the exploratory research projects, an estimated 20% are related to nanoparticle/nanostructured materials. The laboratories have a wide spectrum of research activities that are of interest to this study, ranging from nanocrystalline materials synthesis, nanofabrication, and nanocrystal engineering to quantum transport in nanostructures and quantum theory of solids. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT HIGHLIGHTS Dr. Mark J. VanBommel made a short presentation on nanoparticle coatings for consumer electronic applications (coatings for antiglare, antistatic, and antireflection uses). Depending on their specific applications, these nanoparticles need to have special properties (e.g., high electric conductivity, or low specular optical scattering). Antimony-doped tin dioxide (Sb:SnO 2 ) particles have been used for these applications, as an example. These nanoparticle coatings are typically produced by physical or
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National Science and Technology Cou
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WTEC Panel on NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE
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ABSTRACT This report reviews the st
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Foreword Timely information on scie
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Foreword iii collaboration and thus
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Contents Foreword Table of Contents
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List of Figures 1.1 Organization of
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List of Figures ix 5.12 Granular GM
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List of Tables ES.1 Technological I
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Executive Summary Richard W. Siegel
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Executive Summary xix past decade,
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Executive Summary xxi TABLE ES.2. C
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Executive Summary xxiii blocks, and
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
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1. Introduction and Overview 3 •
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1. Introduction and Overview 5 worl
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1. Introduction and Overview 7 grow
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1. Introduction and Overview 9 lead
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1. Introduction and Overview 11 2.
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Ev
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 17 transi
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 19 probe
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 21 by adj
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 23 blocks
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 25 Self-A
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 27 Figure
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 31 Brotzm
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 33 Siegel
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Chapter 3 Dispersions and Coatings
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 37 exis
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 39 more
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 41 into
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 45 oppo
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 47 Kanz
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Chapter 4 High Surface Area Materia
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4. High Surface Area Materials 51 w
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4. High Surface Area Materials 53 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 55 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 57 s
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4. High Surface Area Materials 59 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 61 F
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4. High Surface Area Materials 63 m
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4. High Surface Area Materials 65 I
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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5. Functional Nanoscale Devices 69
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured
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Chapter 7 Biologically Related Aspe
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Chapter 8 Research Programs on Nano
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8. Research Programs on Nanotechnol
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Appendix F. Glossary 2DEG A/D AAAR
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Appendix F. Glossary 329 ESPRIT ESR
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Appendix F. Glossary 331 MA MBE mCP
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Appendix F. Glossary 333 PVDF QCA Q
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Appendix F. Glossary 335 WTEC XAS X
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