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14 Richard W. Siegel 1995 Gleiter, H. 1995. Nanostructured materials: State of the art and perspectives. Nanostructured Materials 6: 3-14. 1996 Edelstein, A.S., and R.C. Cammarata, eds. 1996. Nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties and applications. Bristol: IOP. 1998 Siegel, R.W., E. Hu, and M. C. Roco, eds. 1998. R&D status and trends in nanoparticles, nanostructured materials, and nanodevices in the United States. Baltimore: Loyola College, International Technology Research Institute. NTIS #PB98-117914.
Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Evelyn L. Hu Univ. of California, Santa Barbara David T. Shaw State University of New York, Buffalo INTRODUCTION The common theme of this WTEC study is the engineering of materials with novel (i.e., improved) properties through the controlled synthesis and assembly of the material at the nanoscale level. The range of applications is extremely broad, and these will be described in further detail in subsequent chapters in this report. The corresponding means of synthesis and assembly are similarly wide-ranging. But however multifaceted the synthesis approaches and the ultimate applications, there are common issues and unique defining features of these nanostructured materials. First, there is the recognition of critical scale lengths that define the material structure and organization, generally in the nanometer range, and that ultimately determine the fundamental macroscopic properties of the material. Research in nanostructured materials is motivated by the belief that ability to control the building blocks or nanostructure of the materials can result in enhanced properties at the macroscale: increased hardness, ductility, magnetic coupling, catalytic enhancement, selective absorption, or higher efficiency electronic or optical behavior. Synthesis and assembly strategies accommodate precursors from liquid, solid, or gas phase; employ chemical or physical deposition approaches; and similarly rely on either chemical reactivity or physical compaction to integrate nanostructure building blocks within the final material structure. The variety of techniques is shown schematically in Figure 2.1. 15
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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Chapter 8 Research Programs on Nano
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APPENDICES Appendix A. Biographies
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Appendix A. Biographies of Panelist
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe S
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Appendix F. Glossary 2DEG A/D AAAR
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Appendix F. Glossary 329 ESPRIT ESR
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Appendix F. Glossary 331 MA MBE mCP
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Appendix F. Glossary 333 PVDF QCA Q
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Appendix F. Glossary 335 WTEC XAS X
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