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322 Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan Professor S. Gwo of the Physics Department has been involved in the growth of self-organized semiconductor nanostructures by MBE. He has ample experience in nanostructure fabrication for advanced electronic and optoelectronic devices. He is also involved in the atomic-scale studies of dopants in semiconductors and in the development of UHV scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy for optical measurements. Professor T.P. Peng of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering (in collaboration with Professor M.K. Wu and Dr. S.R. Sheen of the Materials Science Center), has been working on the preparation of nanoparticles by vapor condensation, high-energy ball milling, or magnetron sputtering. Their current research projects cover • sintering or grain growth behavior of nanoparticles • chemical reactivity of nanoparticles and application of nanoparticles in catalysis • characterization of the interface structure of nanoparticles • chemisorption, diffusion, and solution of gases in nanocrystalline materials • fabrication and structural characterization of metal/metal or metal/ceramic nanocomposites • effects of particle size on the second-order phase transitions, such as order-disorder, superconductivity, ferroelectricity, and piezolectricity • kinetics and mechanism of nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in an amorphous matrix SUMMARY Impressive progress has been made in nanoparticle/nanostructured research at NTHU. Under the leadership of Professors M.K. Wu and C.C. Chi, the university has established a network connecting the microfabrication capabilities of NCTU, the chemical processing techniques of NTU, and the analytical and materials processing capabilities at their own Materials Research Center to perform the only organized research effort in this area. They also plan to expand their characterization capabilities to include some of the atomic force microscopy techniques developed at the Academia Sinica. Their future research activities will be directed toward semiconducting functioning materials and nanophase materials for biological sensor applications.
Appendix E. Site Reports—Taiwan 323 Site: National Chung-Chen University (NCCU) Taiwan 621, ROC Date Visited: 11 April 1997 WTEC: Hosts: D. Shaw (report author) Prof. W.H. Lee, Chairman, Department of Physics E-mail: whlee@phy.ccu.edu.tw Prof. D.P. Tsai, Associate Professor, Department of Physics E-mail: dptsai@phy.ccu.edu.tw Prof. C.C. Chen BACKGROUND NCCU is a relatively new university in the south of Taiwan, but its scientific research laboratories are very well equipped. I visited the Physics Department, which is small, having about fourteen faculty members. The department is guided by its energetic leader, Prof. W.H. Lee, who joined the university from the Industrial Technology Research Institute in Hsinchu. Prof. Lee, who is an old acquaintance of mine, told me that they had been fortunate enough to attract a group of young energetic researchers, most of whom had received their advanced degrees in the United States. DISCUSSION During an informal gathering, I first gave a brief summary on the R&D activities in nanoparticle/nanostructure technology in the United States. This was followed by discussions with several professors, most of whom have joined the university during the last four to five years. The most impressive research was presented by Prof. C.C. (Jay) Chen, who had just come back from working with Prof. A.P. Alivisatos at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (University of California at Berkeley). Prof. Chen’s work (Science 1997, 276:398) shows that there is a practical optimal size for metastable nanocrystals, which is also the largest size at which the nanocrystals can be synthesized defect-free. Thus, a much wider range of materials may be metastable in nanocrystals than in bulk solids. Figure E.3, taken from Prof. Chen’s paper, illustrates the various size evolution of the kinetic barriers to structural transformation in defect-free nanocrystals. For small nanocrystals (d < 2 nm), the barriers are small and
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National Science and Technology Cou
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WTEC Panel on NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE
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ABSTRACT This report reviews the st
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Foreword Timely information on scie
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Foreword iii collaboration and thus
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Contents Foreword Table of Contents
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List of Figures 1.1 Organization of
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List of Figures ix 5.12 Granular GM
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List of Tables ES.1 Technological I
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Executive Summary Richard W. Siegel
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Executive Summary xix past decade,
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Executive Summary xxi TABLE ES.2. C
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Executive Summary xxiii blocks, and
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
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1. Introduction and Overview 5 worl
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1. Introduction and Overview 7 grow
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Assembly Ev
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2. Synthesis and Assembly 17 transi
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Chapter 3 Dispersions and Coatings
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 37 exis
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 39 more
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 41 into
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3. Dispersions and Coatings 45 oppo
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Chapter 4 High Surface Area Materia
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4. High Surface Area Materials 51 w
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4. High Surface Area Materials 55 T
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4. High Surface Area Materials 57 s
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4. High Surface Area Materials 63 m
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Chapter 5 Functional Nanoscale Devi
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Chapter 6 Bulk Behavior of Nanostru
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6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured
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Chapter 8 Research Programs on Nano
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8. Research Programs on Nanotechnol
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APPENDICES Appendix A. Biographies
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Appendix A. Biographies of Panelist
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe S
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Appendix B. Site Reports—Europe 1
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