Annona Species Monograph.pdf - Crops for the Future

Chapter 10. Agronomy
Table 10-7. The average normal and deficient levels of macro and micronutrients
in leaves of cherimoya, soursop and sugar apple
Species N% P% K% Ca% Mg% S% B
ppm
Cherimoya
(1)
Fe
ppm
Zn
ppm
a) Basal
leaves
Normal 1.90 0.17 2.00 0.80 0.25 - - 215.0 23.0
Deficient 0.72 0.09 1.00 0.25 0.04 - 10.0 140.0 12.0
b) Apical
leaves
Normal 2.91 0.17 1.95 0.60 0.26 - - 125.0 29.0
Deficient 0.90 0.10 1.00 0.15 0.05 - 6.0 40.0 20.0
Soursop (2)
Normal 1.76 0.29 2.60 1.76 0.20 - - - -
leaves
Deficient 1.10 0.11 1.26 1.08 0.08 - - - -
Soursop (3)
Normal 2.5-
leaves 2.8
Deficient 1.3-
1.6
Sugar
Apple (4)
Normal 2.8-
leaves 3.4
Deficient 1.9-
2.8
0.14-
0.15
0.06-
0.07
0.34-
0.34
0.17-
0.19
0.87-
2.47
0.75-
1.66
2.61 0.82-
1.68
2.64 0.45-
0.81
0.36-
0.38
0.07-
0.08
0.15-
0.17
0.11-
0.13
35.0-
47.0
6.0-
14.0
- -
- -
- - - - - -
- - - - - -
Sources: (1) Navia and Valenzuela (1978); (2) Avilan (1975); (3) Silva et al.
(1984); (4) Sadhu and Ghosh (1976).
Gazel Filho et al. (1994) found the following variations in the normal
macronutrient contents (%) of different soursop varieties: N: 1.99 - 2.04; P:
0.12 - 0.14; K: 1.49 -1.52; Ca: 1.20 - 1.52; Mg: 0.19 - 0.22. Most of these
macronutrient contents do not fall inside the range presented in Table 10.7,
which demonstrates that several other factors, such as soil, variety, climate
etc., influence nutrient contents in living plant tissues (Mengel and Kirkby,
1987), potentially interfering in the orchard fertilization program.
Fruit size, colour, shape and taste are quality characteristics affected by
nutrient deficiencies (Mengel and Kirkby, 1987). Undurraga et al. (1995)
reported rates of 4.14-6.72 kg of N (as urea) applied to individual cherimoya
cv. ‘Concha Lisa’ trees in Colombia, resulted in the lowest soluble solids
contents and fruit pulp firmness values, and the highest titratable acidity
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