Income-Generating Activities - Action Against Hunger

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Field handbook • Scientific and Technical Department • Management and accounting • Business plan elaboration • Legal aspects • Group work, creation of internal regulations • Commercialization, marketing Exchanges of experiences between beneficiaries can be as valuable as training sessions; learning from the experiences of other IGA gives positive results, and the beneficiaries will have the opportunity to share ideas, see different management systems and create networks of contacts. Getting to know the experiences of other groups outside the programme that carry out successful work in groups can also be very positive. Appendix 10 gives examples of the themes touched upon in training sessions on management, business plan elaboration, group work and internal regulations. While designing the training plan, different aspects must be evaluated, including the work schedule of the population, as all their time is not available to invest in the programme. In rural zones, for example, it is necessary to consider the agricultural calendar so that the training sessions do not interfere with the crop cycles, and the population can participate in them. The possibility to train local promoters or extension workers so that later they give trainings to the rest of the beneficiaries can be an alternative that allows a larger number of beneficiaries to be reached. There may also be trainings that have to be carried out before the actual material support is given. For example, when a new IGA is going to be started, before giving out the productive goods it is recommended to have training sessions in management, to have prepared a business plan during the training process and to assure that the technical knowledge of the participants is adequate. It is also important to evaluate the possibility of collaborating with other organisations to carry out the trainings as some may be specialized in the themes that need to be offered. This collaboration can strengthen the local organisations and promote the existence of local capacity, which is one of the planned aspects of the exit strategy. Within the training plan, time must be set aside to elaborate or adapt training materials in relation to the existing level of knowledge of the beneficiaries, and for the production of the materials. Appropriate training materials should be used depending on the training methodology and educational level of the participants. The training process is not limited to educational sessions; regular accompaniment in the field is also part of this process. II.III. Elaboration of the internal regulations for group operation When the programme supports work in groups, either with pre-existing groups or newly created groups, it is important to pay attention to the internal operation of the INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES: A KEY CONCEPT IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURTIY 53
➔ group. As was mentioned in the earlier point, during the training process it is advisable to carry out some participative sessions about the functioning of groups. This process should be used to define the internal regulations of the group, adapting to the conditions of the area, the interests of the members, their social habits and the requirements of the activity to be carried out. The internal regulations document of the group should cover the following points: • Objective of the group: the mission and vision • Structure, procedure for selecting the different committees and subgroups • Responsibilities of the different committees or subgroups • Entrance of new group members • Ownership of goods. • Responsibilities, rights and obligations of each member as well as those of each subgroup or committee • Internal procedures: meetings, acts, internal documents of the group • Mechanisms for resolving conflicts • Legal aspects The group must develop this document, but a social worker can help in terms of format and aspects specific to the legislation of each country and relevant for the type of group. This document will be internal (an example can be seen in Appendix 11), but the legalisation of these groups should also be considered. Even though vulnerable people develop most of their activities in the informal economy, programmes that work with groups should ensure members’ access to information regarding the different forms of legal organisations that exist in the country, such as cooperatives, associations, unions, etc. and their obligations and rights, advantages and disadvantages. The members of the group, with the support of ACF, can then make an educated decision under which organisational form they want to be legalised. II.IV. Design of the IGA The preliminary assessment identified the IGA most frequently developed by the vulnerable population and the limitations that they faced as part of the analysis of the value chain. The study of the characteristics of the LEZ and the market will offer additional data about commercial possibilities and existing demand, and information should also be available regarding those activities that are especially profitable for the zone. It may be necessary to carry out more detailed market studies during the implementation of the programme (Appendix 12 offers an example of a market study and some of the questionnaires used during this exercise). 54 INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES: A KEY CONCEPT IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURTIY
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Field handbook • Scientific and T
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