Income-Generating Activities - Action Against Hunger

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Field handbook • Scientific and Technical Department APPENDIX 5: SUMMARY OF THE ACF-F FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY FOR ACEH 2005 1. Introduction Immediate recovery of sustainable livelihoods is not possible and large sections of populations will remain dependent on external aid in the mid- and longer-term. Food aid will continue to be an important need (with or without ACF involvement), but it must be ensured that it will not (i) be used as a political tool to control the populations, (ii) lead to dependency, (iii) result in food and labour market price and wage distortions 20 , or/and (iv) create disincentives to food producers and traders. At the same time, sustainable recovery will be promoted wherever and whenever possible, without creating future vulnerabilities 21 , and encouraging an early return. ACF will use an integrated FS and Watsan (Water and Sanitation) approach to accompany the affected populations to their chosen resettlement sites (host communities, return to affected lands/villages), without creating incentives for people to settle in areas contrary to their preference. The risk of humanitarian aid being used as a pull factor, particularly in the barracks, will be monitored closely. Hence, ACF will concentrate its aid outside the barracks in the first phase 22 . The affected populations are well educated, the soil is fertile, and the economy was well monetized and organised before the tsunami. These offer good grounds for recovery. A participatory, bottom-up approach is hence a must, in order to capitalise the existing know-how and to promote a quick recovery, adapted to the local context. The emphasis will be put in recovering the economy, not in creating new activities. Coordination with other key actors and follow up of implemented projects and results (e.g. reconstruction of roads) is crucial in order to avoid duplication and to benefit from lessons-learnt. Additionally, the final results of ACF FS activities may be linked with other projects (e.g. marketing of fish is dependent on access to trade networks). The overall objective of ACF food security activities in Aceh is to: Improve the basic living conditions of populations affected by the tsunami or/and the earthquake. The project purposes are to Address the immediate food needs of the affected populations. 20 Aceh province is a rice surplus production area. 21 Sustainability and impact on environment are key issues in the rehabilitation/recovery, e.g. over-fishing was common in Aceh prior to the tsunami and a return to the same unsustainable situation must be avoided. 22 Food aid will be distributed to all population, including those who have moved to the barracks. INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES: A KEY CONCEPT IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURTIY 97
➔ Contribute to a rapid and sustainable recovery of livelihoods of the affected populations. Type of beneficiaries: People directly or indirectly affected by the tsunami (host communities) Potential responses to FS needs can be categorized roughly into three groups: 1) Needs that can be addressed only through long-term intervention strategy and commitment and will have a long-term impact (i.e. are sustainable). E.g. agriculture on affected lands, fishing with support structure (e.g. ice plants, commercial networks and access), rehabilitation of communication and commercial networks, including roads, … 2) Needs that can be addressed immediately, but the interventions have a long/mid-term impact (i.e. are sustainable). These Quick Impact Projects will help people to rapidly re-establish an activity, drawing on already existing support networks, social organisation and know-how, and will provide rapid results 23 . E.g. distribution of material for making fishing nets, construction of boats, grants to encourage petty trade, distribution of material for skilled workers (masons, carpenters, tailors…) and potential to link these with ACF activities (cash for work or we purchase, currently done for latrine roofs, water filters). 3) Needs that must be addressed immediately, but the interventions are unsustainable in the long run, e.g. food aid or cash for work. Food security activities will be put in place in 3 phases. These involve a gradual phasing out of an emergency approach (notably food aid) towards more sustainable activities in the long-term and promote recovery and independence of the affected populations: First phase: Immediate aftermath of the tsunami (Jan – Feb/March) • The immediate food needs are covered in the immediate aftermath of the tsunami: 89,000 directly and indirectly affected people receive a daily food ration • The impact of food aid is monitored and its adequacy evaluated: Study and evaluation of Food Aid and PDM • Rapid assessments Second phase: Transition phase from emergency to post emergency (March – April) • Phasing out of food aid while maintaining a capacity of reaction: 23 These activities should not tie the people to their current place of settlement, given that the government relocation policy is not clear. 98 INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES: A KEY CONCEPT IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURTIY
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