Chapter A General rules of electrical installation design

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J24 © Schneider Electric - all rights reserved J - Protection against voltage surges in LV Fig. J37 : Example of indication for PRD Fig. J39 : Example of indication for Quick PRD 4 Choosing a protection device Type 2 surge arresters (varistor, varistor + gas filled spark gap) PF, PRD At end of life, the surge arrester or the cartridge are destroyed. b This can occur in two ways: v internal end-of-life disconnection: the accumulated electric shocks cause the varistors to age, resulting in an increase in leakage current. Above 1 mA, a thermal runaway occurs and the surge arrester disconnects. v external end-of-life disconnection: this occurs in the event of an excessive overvoltage (direct lightning strike on the line); above the discharge capacity of the surge arrester, the varistor(s) are dead short-circuited to earth (or possibly between phase and neutral). This short-circuit is eliminated when the mandatory associated disconnection circuit breaker opens. Quick PRD and Quick PF Whatever the hazards of the power supply network, Quick PRD and Quick PF incorporate a perfectly coordinated disconnector. b In the event of lightning strikes < Imax: like all surge arresters, they have internal anti-ageing protection. b In the event of a lightning strike > Imax: Quick PRD and Quick PF are selfprotected by their integrated disconnector. b In the event of neutral disconnection or phase-neutral reversal occurring on the power supply: Quick PRD and Quick PF are self-protected by their integrated disconnector. To simplify maintenance work, Quick PRD is fitted with local indicators and draw-out cartridges that are mechanically combined with the disconnector. Quick PRD has indicator lights on the cartridges and on the integrated disconnector, so that the work to be carried out can quickly be located. For safety reasons, the disconnector opens automatically when a cartridge is removed. It cannot be set until the cartridge is plugged in. When changing the cartridge, a phase/neutral failsafe system ensures that it can be plugged in safely. Operating state continuous display Quick PRD has an integrated reporting contact to send information about the operating state of the surge arrester from a remote location. Monitoring the surge arresters installed throughout the installation makes it possible to be continuously aware of their operating state and to ensure that the protection devices are always in good working order. b A reporting contact gives the alert: v at end of life of a cartridge v if a cartridge is missing, as soon as it has been removed v if a fault occurs on the line (short-circuit, neutral disconnection, phase-neutral reversal) v in the event of local manual operation (handle down). Quick PF has an optional indication reporting auxiliary (SR) that sends information about the operating state of the surge arrester from a remote location. 4.7 Application example: supermarket Solutions and schematic diagram b The surge arrester selection guide has made it possible to determine the precise value of the surge arrester at the incoming end of the installation and that of the associated disconnection circuit breaker. b As the sensitive devices (Uimp < 1.5 kV) are located more than 30 m from the incoming protection device, the fine protection surge arresters must be installed as close as possible to the loads. b To ensure better continuity of service for cold room areas: v"si" type residual current circuit breakers will be used to avoid nuisance tripping caused by the rise in earth potential as the lightning wave passes through. b For protection against atmospheric overvoltages: v install a surge arrester in the main switchboard v install a fine protection surge arrester in each switchboard (1 and 2) supplying the sensitive devices situated more than 30 m from the incoming surge arrester v install a surge arrester on the telecommunications network to protect the devices supplied, for example fire alarms, modems, telephones, faxes. Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2008
J - Protection against voltage surges in LV Fig. J40 : Telecommunications network 4 Choosing a protection device Main switchboard C60 20 A PRD 8 kA C60 40 A PRD 40 kA MV/LV transformer 160 kVA Switchboard 1 Switchboard 2 Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2008 ID "si" ID "si" Heating Lighting Freezer Refrigerator Storeroom lighting Power outlets Fig. J39 : Application example : supermarket Function of the surge arrester protection C60 20 A PRD 8 kA Fire-fighting system Alarm IT system Checkout b Conduct the lightning current to earth, ensuring a level of protection Up compatible with the electrical equipment to be protected. b Limit the rise in earth potential and the magnetic field induced. Cabling recommendations b Ensure the equipotentiality of the earth terminations of the building. b Reduce the looped power supply cable areas. Installation recommendations b Install a surge arrester, Imax = 40 kA (8/20 μs) and a C60 disconnection circuit breaker rated at 20 A. b Install fine protection surge arresters, Imax = 8 kA (8/20 μs) and the associated C60 disconnection circuit breakers rated at 20 A. J25 © Schneider Electric - all rights reserved
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Chapter A General rules of electrical installation design

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